Suspending Lefschetz fibrations, with an application to local mirror symmetry (Q982459): Difference between revisions

The author deals with algebraic suspensions, in particular in relation to suspensions of Lefschetz fibrations. The notion of algebraic suspension is introduced in section 2: if \(\mathbb{K}\) is a field, \(\mathcal{B}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over \(\mathbb{K}\) and \(\mathcal{A}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)subalgebra of \(\mathcal{B}\), then to the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) one associates a pair \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\), called the algebraic suspension of \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\), where \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over \(\mathbb{K}\) and \(\mathcal{A}^{\sigma}\) is an \(A_{\infty}-\)subalgebra of \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\). More precisely, one defines \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}:=\mathcal{A}_{+}\oplus\mathcal{A}_{-}\oplus\mathcal{B}[-1]\) as graded vector space, where \(\mathcal{A}_{+}\) and \(\mathcal{A}_{-}\) are two copies of \(\mathcal{A}\), and one defines \(\mathcal{A}^{\sigma}\) as the subspace of \(\mathcal{B}^{\sigma}\) consisting of the triples \((a,a,0)\). In section 3 a topological viewpoint on algebraic suspensions is presented, and in section 4 various properties of algebraic suspensions are proved. An important example of algebraic suspension is the following: consider a \(2n-\)dimensional symplectic manifold \((M,\omega)\) (more precisely, one has that \(\omega=d\theta\) for a particular primitive \(\theta\), and one chooses a trivialization of the canonical bundle), and let \((V_{1},\dots,V_{m})\) be an ordered collection of Lagrangian spheres of \(M\) such that \(V_{i}\) is exact (i. e. \(\theta_{|V_{i}}=dF_{i}\) for some function \(F_{i}\)), having graded and Spin structures. Following Fukaya, one defines \(\mathcal{B}:=\bigoplus_{i,j}CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\), where \(CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\) is the Floer cochain group, which is an \(A_{\infty}-\)algebra over the ring \(R=\mathbb{K}^{m}\) (on which one defines an appropriate multiplication). Moreover, define \(\mathcal{A}:=R\oplus\bigoplus_{i<j}CF^{*}(V_{i},V_{j})\), so that to the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) one associates its algebraic suspension. A particular case of this construction is given by Lefschetz fibrations, explained in section 6: let \(X\) be a smooth affine algebraic variety equipped with a Kähler form \(\omega\) which is exact and complete, and with a holomorphic volume form \(\eta\). A Lefschetz fibration on \(X\) is a regular function \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) having only non-degenerate critical points and verifying a convergence property. If \(z\in\mathbb{C}\), let \(X_{z}:=p^{-1}(z)\), and let \((\gamma_{1},\dots,\gamma_{m})\) be a distinguished basis of vanishing paths for \(p\) centered at \(z\). Consider \((V_{1},\dots,V_{m})\) to be the associated collection of vanishing cycles: they are Lagrangian spheres in \(X_{z}\) equipped with grading and Spin structures. Using the previous Fukaya-Floer construction, one associates to the Lefschetz fibration \(p\) a pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) and its algebraic suspension \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\). If \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) is a Lefschetz fibration, the suspension of \(p\) is the Lefschetz fibration \(p^{\sigma}:X^{\sigma}:=X\times\mathbb{C}\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) defined as \(p(x,y):=p(x)-y^{2}\). One of the main results of the paper is that the algebraic suspension \((\mathcal{A}^{\sigma},\mathcal{B}^{\sigma})\) of the pair \((\mathcal{A},\mathcal{B})\) associated to the Lefschetz fibration \(p:X\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\) (for some choice of vanishing paths) is quasi-isomorphic to the pair associated to the Lefschetz fibration \(p^{\sigma}:X^{\sigma}\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\). As an application of the previous constructions, the author proves the following result: let \(Y\) be a smooth toric del Pezzo surface, \(K_{Y}\) the total space of the canonical bundle of \(Y\) and consider \(Y\subseteq K_{Y}\) as the zero section. Moreover, let \(D^{b}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) be the derived category of coherent sheaves on \(K_{Y}\), \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) the full subcategory whose objects are bounded complexes whose cohomology is supported on \(Y\), and let \(H\) be the mirror of \(K_{Y}\). The main result of the paper is Theorem 1.1, stating that there is a full embedding of triangulated categories \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\longrightarrow D(\mathrm{Fuk}(H))\), where \(\mathrm{Fuk}(H)\) is the Fukaya category of \(H\). The proof uses the homological mirror symmetry for smooth toric del Pezzo surfaces, proved by \textit{D. Auroux}, \textit{L. Katzarkov} and \textit{D. Orlov} [Invent. Math. 166, No. 3, 537--582 (2006; Zbl 1110.14033); Ann. Math. (2) 167, No. 3, 867--943 (2008; Zbl 1175.14030)] and by \textit{K. Ueda} [Commun. Math. Phys. 264, No. 1, 71--85 (2006; Zbl 1106.14026)], and some results on the relation between \(D^{b}(\mathrm{Coh}(Y))\) and \(D^{b}_{Y}(\mathrm{Coh}(K_{Y}))\) obtained independently by \textit{E. Segal} [J. Algebra 320, No. 8, 3232--3268 (2008; Zbl 1168.18005)] and by \textit{M. Ballard} [Sheaves on local Calabi-Yau varieties, \url{arxiv/0801.3499}].