The shape of extremal functions for Poincaré-Sobolev-type inequalities in a ball (Q2497905): Difference between revisions

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^n\) with a smooth boundary. Consider the inequalities of Poincaré-Sobolev-type, \[ \biggl(\int_\Omega| u-u_\Omega| ^p\biggr)^{q/p}\leq C(p,q,\Omega)\int_\Omega| \nabla u| ^q \] for \(u\) in the Sobolev space \(W^{1,q}(\Omega)\), where \(u_\Omega\) denotes the average of \(u\) on \(\Omega\), \(q\geq1\) and \(p\) satisfies \(1\leq p\leq qN/(N-q)\) if \(N>q\), \(1\leq p<\infty\) if \(N=q\) and \(1\leq p\leq\infty\) if \(N<q\). The author shows that the minimizers \(u\) for these inequalities possess the following properties: \(u\) is axially symmetric with respect to a line passing through the origin and \(u\) is strictly monotone in the direction of this line; if \(p\) is close to 2, then there exists a unit vector \(e\in\mathbb R^N\) such that \(u\) is antisymmetric with respect to the reflection \(x\mapsto x-2(x-e)e\) at the hyperplane \(H_e\) in \(\mathbb R^N\) perpendicular to \(e\); if \(N=2\), then for \(p\) sufficiently large \(u\) is not antisymmetric. The author admits that his study was motivated by the series of results concerning the one-dimesional case completed by \textit{A. I. Nazarov} [J. Math. Sci., New York 112, No. 1, 4029--4047 (2002; Zbl 1050.26014)].