A Menon-type identity concerning Dirichlet characters and a generalization of the gcd function (Q2047422): Difference between revisions

The classical Menon's identity states that \[ \sum\limits_{\substack{k=1\\(k, n)=1}}^{n} (k-1, n)=\varphi(n)\tau(n), \] where \(\varphi\) is Euler's totient function and \(\tau\) is the divisor number function, see \textit{P.~Kesava Menon} [J. Indian Math. Soc., New Ser. 29, 155--163 (1965; Zbl 0144.27706)]. This identity has been generalized in various directions in the literature. The present authors consider a further generalization. In a recent paper, \textit{X.-P. Zhao} and \textit{Z.-F. Cao} [Int. J. Number Theory 13, No. 9, 2373--2379 (2017; Zbl 1392.11004)] derived the Menon-type identity \(\sum_{k=1}^n(k-1,n)\chi (k)=\phi (n)\tau(\frac{n}{d})\), where \(\chi\) is a Dirichlet character mod \(n\) with conductor \(d\). The present authors give an identity similar to this replacing gcd with a generalization of it. This leads to Klee's totient function \(\Phi_s\), see \textit{V. L. Klee} [Am. Math. Mon. 55, 358--359 (1948; Zbl 0030.29504)].