Numerical equivalence defined on Chow groups of Noetherian local rings (Q1882584): Difference between revisions

Let \((R, \mathfrak m)\) be a local Noetherian ring. The author defines the Chow group \(\overline{A_{\star}(R)_{\mathbb Q}} = \bigoplus_{i}\overline{A_{i}(R)_{\mathbb Q}}\) and the Grothendieck group \(\overline{G_0(R)_{\mathbb Q}}\) of \(R\) modulo numerial equivalence. Moreover, let \(\overline{K_0^{\mathfrak m}(R)_{\mathbb Q}}\) denote the Grothendieck group of complexes with support in \(\{\mathfrak m\}\) modulo numerical equivalence. Suppose that \(R\) is an excellent local ring that satisfies one of the following conditions: (1) \(R\) contains \(\mathbb Q.\) (2) \(R\) is essentially of finite type over a field, the integers \(\mathbb Z,\) or a discrete valuation ring. Then it is shown that all of the three \(\mathbb Q\)-vector spaces are finite dimensional. It is a consequence of the author's investigations that numerical equivalence on local rings is deeply related to that on smooth projective varieties: Let \(A = \bigoplus_{n\geq 0}A_n\) be a standard graded algebra over a field \(k = A_0\) such that \(X = \text{ Proj} A\) is smooth. Let \(R = A_{A_{+}}\) and let \(h\) be the very ample divisor under the embedding. Then the rational Chow group of \(X\) modulo \(h\) is isomorphic to those of \(A.\) In general this does not induce an isomorphism modulo numerical equivalence. In particular it follows that if the rational Chow group and the rational Chow group modulo numerical equivalence on \(X\) are isomorphic, then the corresponding groups on \(R\) are also isomorphic. Assuming Grothendieck's standard conjectures it yields that \(\overline{A_{j}(R)_{\mathbb Q}} = 0\) for \(j \leq \dim R/2.\) This implies the vanishing of \(\chi_{\mathbb F}(M) = \sum_i (-i)^i \ell_R(H_i(\mathbb F \otimes M))\) for a bounded complex \(\mathbb F\) of finitely generated free \(R\)-modules which homology of finite length and a finitely generated \(R\)-module \(M\) such that \(\dim M \leq \dim R/2.\) Let \(R\) be a homomorphic image of a regular local ring \(S\). Then the singular Riemann-Roch theorem with base ring \(S\) [cf. \textit{W. Fulton}, ``Intersection Theory'', 2nd Edition, Springer (1998; Zbl 0885.14002)] provides an isomorphism \(\tau_{R/S}: G_0(R)_{\mathbb Q} \to A_{\star}(R)_{\mathbb Q}\) which induces a homomorphism \(\overline{\tau_{R/S}} : \overline{G_0(R)_{\mathbb Q}} \to \overline{A_{\star}(R)_{\mathbb Q}}.\) With the aid of this map (in fact shown to be independent of the choice of \(S\)) the author defines the notion of numerically Roberts rings as those for which \(\overline{\tau_R}(\overline{[R]}) \in \overline{A_{\dim R}(R)_{\mathbb Q}}.\) Then it is shown that a local ring \(R\) is a Roberts ring if and only if the Dutta multiplicity \(\chi_{\infty}(\mathbb F)\) coincides with the Euler characteristic \(\chi(\mathbb F)\) for any bounded complex \(\mathbb F\) of free modules with all the homology modules of finite length. Let \(R\) be a Cohen-Macaulay ring of prime characteristic \(p.\) As a further application it is shown under this additional assumption \(R\) is a Roberts ring if and only if the Hilbert-Kunz multiplicity \(e_{HK}(J)\) coincides with the length of \(R/J\) for any \(\mathfrak m\)-primary ideal \(J\) of finite projective dimension. Suppose that there exists a regular alteration \(\pi : Z \to \text{ Spec} (R).\) Then there is a vanishing of the Chow groups \(\overline{A_t(R)_{\mathbb Q}}\) for all \(t < \dim R - \dim \pi^{-1}(\mathfrak m).\) Finally under a certain technical assumption on the existence of a regular alteration the author proves the vanishing of the intersection number \(\chi_R(M,N) = \sum_i (-1)^i L_R(\text{ Tor}_i^R(M,N)),\) where \(M,N\) are finitely generated modules of finite projective dimension such that \(M\otimes_RN\) is of finite length and \(\dim M + \dim N < \dim R.\) For further results of the author's deep insights see his recent preprint [The singular Riemann-Roch theorem and Hilbert-Kunz functions, \texttt{http://arxiv.org/abs/math.AG/0506492}].