The local and global parts of the basic zeta coefficient for operators on manifolds with boundary (Q930540): Difference between revisions

The value of the zeta function at \(s=0\) plays an important role in the analysis of geometric invariants of operators on manifolds. For the zeta function \(\zeta (P_1, s) = \operatorname{Tr} (P_1^{-s})\) defined from a classical elliptic pseudo-differential operator \(P_1\) on a closed manifold \(X\), having a ray free of eigenvalues, the value at \(s=0\) is a fundamental ingredient in index formulas. For the generalized zeta function \(\zeta(A, P_1, s) = \text{Tr}(AP_1^{-s})\), there is a pole at \(s=0\) and the regular value behind it serves as a regularized trace or weighted trace. The residue of \(\zeta(A, P_1, s)\) at \(s=0\) is proportional to Wodzicki's noncommutative residue of \(A\) [see \textit{M. Wodzicki}, Invent. Math. 75, 143--178 (1984; Zbl 0538.58038)]. The regular value at \(s=0\) equals the Kontsevich-Vishik canonical trace in special cases, and in general there are defect formulas for it, in terms of noncommutative residues of related expressions involving \(\log(P_1)\) [see \textit{M. Kontsevich} and \textit{S. Vishik}, Functional analysis on the eve of the 21st century, Volume I, S. Gindikin (ed.), Birkhäuser, Boston, MA, Prog. Math. 131, 173--197 (1995; Zbl 0920.58061)]. The zeta coefficient itself has been shown by \textit{S. Paycha} and \textit{S. Scott} [Geom. Funct. Anal. 17, No. 2, 491--536 (2007; Zbl 1125.58009)] to satisfy a formula with elements of canonical trace-type integrals defined from \(A\), as well as noncommutative residue-type integrals defined from \(A \log (P_1)\). For a compact manifold \(X\) with boundary \(\partial X = X'\), one can investigate the analogous questions. \(P_1\) is replaced by a realization \(P_{1,T}\) of an elliptic differential operator \(P_1\) provided with a boundary condition \(Tu=0\) at \(X'\) such that the resolvent \((P_{1,T}-\lambda)^{-1}\) exists on a ray in \(\mathbb C\), say \(\mathbb R_-\). A suitable framework for these operators is the Boutet de Monvel calculus [\textit{L. Boutet de Monvel}, Acta Math. 126, 11--51 (1971; Zbl 0206.39401)], which contains the direct operators as well as their inverses and is closed under composition of the various operator types. Now \(A\) is replaced by an operator \(B\) in the Boutet de Monvel calculus, typically of the form \(B = P_+ +G\), where \(P\) is a pseudo-differential operator on a larger manifold \(\widetilde{X} \supset X\), truncated to \(X\), and \(G\) is a so-called singular Green operator. The author derives an explicit formula for the regular value \(C_0(B, P_{1,T} )\) itself, with ingredients of the form of finite-part integrals as well as residue-type integrals involving \(\log(P_{1,T})\). The formula generalizes that of \textit{S. Paycha} and \textit{S. Scott} [loc. cit.)] for manifolds without boundary, but has several more terms due to the presence of the boundary. It leads in particular to new definitions of noncommutative residues of expressions involving \(\log (P_{1,T})\). Since the complex powers of \(P_{1,T}\) lie far outside the Boutet de Monvel calculus, the standard consideration of holomorphic families is not really useful here; instead the author has developed a resolvent parametric method, where results from the calculus of parametric-dependent boundary operators can be used. The study leads to the introduction of a number of new noncommutative residue formulas, generalizing those of \textit{V. Guillemin} [Adv. Math. 55, 131--160 (1985; Zbl 0559.58025)] and \textit{M. Wodzicki} [loc. cit.]. In particular, the author shows that the new residue definitions have a certain traciality, vanishing on commutators.