On some new bounds for eigenvalues of the Hadamard product and the Fan product of matrices (Q1931751): Difference between revisions

Let \(A=(a_{ij})\), \(B=(b_{ij})\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}\), \(a_{11},\dots,a_{nn}\neq 0\). For \(i,j=1,\dots,n\), denote \(R_i=\sum_{k\neq i}|a_{ik}|\), \(d_i=R_i/|a_{ii}|\), \(m_{ji}=|a_{ji}|h_j\), \(h_j=d_j\) if \(d_j\neq 0\), \(h_j=1\) if \(d_j=0\), \(m_i=\max_{j\neq i}m_{ji}\), \[ M^\pm_{ij}=a_{ii}b_{ii}+a_{jj}b_{jj}\pm\Big[(a_{ii}b_{ii}-a_{jj}b_{jj})^2+4m_im_j\sum_{k\neq i}\frac{b_{ki}}{h_k}\sum_{l\neq j}\frac{b_{lj}}{h_l}\Big]^\frac{1}{2}. \] The Fan product \(A\star B\) is obtained from the Hadamard product \(A\circ B=(a_{ij}b_{ij})\) by changing its off-diagonal entries into their negatives. Denote by~\(M_n\) the set of \(n\times n\) nonsingular \(M\)-matrices. Assuming that \(A,B\geq 0\) (entrywise) and denoting by \(\rho\) the spectral radius, the authors prove that \(\rho(A\circ B)\leq\max_{i\neq j}\frac{1}{2}M^+_{ij}\). Assuming that \(A,B\in M_n\) and denoting by~\(q(A)\) the smallest real part of eigenvalues of~\(A\), the authors prove that \(q(A\star B)\geq\min_{i\neq j}\frac{1}{2}M^-_{ij}\). Bounds due to \textit{Y.-T.~Li} et al. [Linear Algebra Appl.~432, No. 2--3, 536--545 (2010; Zbl 1181.15027)] are thus improved. Finally, assuming that \(A,B\in M_n\) and that \(A\) is strictly row diagonally dominant, the authors present a lower bound for \(q(B\circ A^{-1})\), so revising a result of Li et al. [loc. cit.].