Some fractional integral inequalities involving \(m\)-convex functions (Q2359692)

Some fractional integral inequalities involving \(m\)-convex functions are established. A function \(f:[0,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\), \(b>0\), is said to be \(m\)-convex with \(m\in [0,1]\) if for every \(x,y\in [0,b]\) and \(t\in [0,1]\), we have \[ f(tx+m(1-t)y) \leq tf(x)+m(1-t)f(y). \] The main results are given in the following theorems. Theorem 1. Let \(f,g:[0,\infty ) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be two given functions and \(\alpha >0\). Suppose that the following conditions are satisfied: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(f\) is an \(m\)-convex function with \(m\in (0,1]\), \item[(ii)] \(f\in L^{\infty}[a,b]\), \(0\leq a <b<\infty\), \item[(iii)] \(g\in C[a,b] \cap C^1(a,b] \) with \(g'(t) >0\) for all \(t\in (a,b]\). \end{itemize}} Let us define the quantities: \[ \lambda_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (s-a)}{[g(b)-g(s)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \quad \mu_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (b-s)}{[g(b)-g(s)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \] \[ \tau_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (s-a)}{[g(s)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \quad \rho_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (b-s)}{[g(s)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}ds. \] Then \[ \frac{\Gamma(\alpha)}{b-a} \min \left\{ I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} \tilde{f}(b)+ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} \tilde{f}(a), I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(b)+ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(a) \right\} \] \[ \leq \min \left\{ \left( (\lambda_g+\tau_g)f(a) +m(\mu_g+\rho_g)f\left(\frac{b}{m}\right) \right), \right. \] \[ \left. \left( (\lambda_g+\tau_g)f(b) +m(\mu_g+\rho_g)f\left(\frac{a}{m}\right) \right) \right\}, \] where \(\tilde{f}(x) = f(a+b-x), x\in [a,b]\), and \[ I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(x)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \int_a^x \frac{g'(\tau) f(\tau)}{[g(x)-g(\tau)]^{1-\alpha}}d\tau, \quad x>a, \] \[ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(x)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \int_x^b \frac{g'(\tau) f(\tau)}{[g(\tau)-g(x)]^{1-\alpha}}d\tau, \quad x<b. \] Theorem 2. Let \(f,g:[0,\infty ) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be two given functions, \(\alpha >0\) and \(0\leq a<b<\infty\). Suppose that the following conditions are satisfied: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(f\) is an \(m\)-convex function with \(m\in (0,1]\), \item[(ii)] \(f \)is differentiable in \((0,\infty ) \), \item[(iii)] \(g\in C[a,b] \cap C^1(a,b] \) with \(g'(t) >0\) for all \(t\in (a,b]\). \end{itemize}} Let us define the quantities: \[ A_g=\frac{2}{\Gamma(\alpha +1)}[g(b)-g(a)]^{\alpha}, \] \[ B_g=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \left( \int_a^b \frac{g'(y) (b-y)}{[g(b)-g(y)]^{1-\alpha}}dy + \int_a^b \frac{g'(y) (b-y)}{[g(y)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}dy \right), \] \[ C_g=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \left( \int_a^b \frac{g'(x) f'(x)(x-ma)}{[g(b)-g(x)]^{1-\alpha}}dx + \int_a^b \frac{g'(x) f'(x) (x-ma)}{[g(x)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}dx \right). \] Then \[ A_g \frac{f(mb)}{m} -B_gf'(mb) \leq I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(b) +I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(a) \leq A_g mf(a) +C_g. \] Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type are proved using the Ohlin lemma. The main results are given in the following theorems. Theorem 3. The inequality \[ af(\alpha x+(1-\alpha)y)+(1-a)f(\beta x+(1-\beta)y)\leq \frac{1}{y-x}\int_x^y f(t) dt \] with some \(\alpha, a, \beta \in [0,1]\), \(\alpha >\beta\) is satisfied for all \(x,y\in \mathbb{R}\) and all continuous and convex functions \(f:[x,y]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) if and only if \[ a\alpha +(1-a)\beta =\frac 12 \] and one of the following conditions holds true: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(a+\alpha \leq 1\), \item[(ii)] \(a+\beta \geq 1\), \item[(iii)] \(a+\alpha >1\), \(a+\beta <1\) and \(a+2\alpha \leq 2\). \end{itemize}} Theorem 4. The numbers \(a,b,c,\alpha \in (0,1)\), such that \(a+b+c=1\) satisfy the inequality \[ af(x)+bf(\alpha x+(1-\alpha)y) +cf(y) \geq \frac{1}{y-x}\int_x^y f(t) dt \] for all \(x,y \in \mathbb{R}\) and all continuous and convex functions \(f:[x,y]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) if and only if \[ b(1-\alpha)+c=\frac 12 \] and one of the following conditions holds true: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(a+\alpha \geq 1\), \item[(ii)] \(a+b+\alpha \leq 1\), \item[(iii)] \(a+\alpha <1\), \(a+b+\alpha >1\) and \(2a+\alpha \geq 1\). \end{itemize}}