Some fractional integral inequalities involving m-convex functions

Fractional derivatives and integrals (26A33) Convexity of real functions in one variable, generalizations (26A51) Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators (26D10) Inequalities applied to PDEs involving derivatives, differential and integral operators, or integrals (35A23)

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Some fractional integral inequalities involving \(m\)-convex functions are established. A function \(f:[0,b] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\), \(b>0\), is said to be \(m\)-convex with \(m\in [0,1]\) if for every \(x,y\in [0,b]\) and \(t\in [0,1]\), we have \[ f(tx+m(1-t)y) \leq tf(x)+m(1-t)f(y). \] The main results are given in the following theorems. Theorem 1. Let \(f,g:[0,\infty ) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be two given functions and \(\alpha >0\). Suppose that the following conditions are satisfied: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(f\) is an \(m\)-convex function with \(m\in (0,1]\), \item[(ii)] \(f\in L^{\infty}[a,b]\), \(0\leq a <b<\infty\), \item[(iii)] \(g\in C[a,b] \cap C^1(a,b] \) with \(g'(t) >0\) for all \(t\in (a,b]\). \end{itemize}} Let us define the quantities: \[ \lambda_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (s-a)}{[g(b)-g(s)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \quad \mu_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (b-s)}{[g(b)-g(s)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \] \[ \tau_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (s-a)}{[g(s)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}ds, \quad \rho_g=\frac{1}{(b-a)^2} \int_a^b \frac{g'(s) (b-s)}{[g(s)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}ds. \] Then \[ \frac{\Gamma(\alpha)}{b-a} \min \left\{ I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} \tilde{f}(b)+ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} \tilde{f}(a), I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(b)+ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(a) \right\} \] \[ \leq \min \left\{ \left( (\lambda_g+\tau_g)f(a) +m(\mu_g+\rho_g)f\left(\frac{b}{m}\right) \right), \right. \] \[ \left. \left( (\lambda_g+\tau_g)f(b) +m(\mu_g+\rho_g)f\left(\frac{a}{m}\right) \right) \right\}, \] where \(\tilde{f}(x) = f(a+b-x), x\in [a,b]\), and \[ I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(x)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \int_a^x \frac{g'(\tau) f(\tau)}{[g(x)-g(\tau)]^{1-\alpha}}d\tau, \quad x>a, \] \[ I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(x)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \int_x^b \frac{g'(\tau) f(\tau)}{[g(\tau)-g(x)]^{1-\alpha}}d\tau, \quad x<b. \] Theorem 2. Let \(f,g:[0,\infty ) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) be two given functions, \(\alpha >0\) and \(0\leq a<b<\infty\). Suppose that the following conditions are satisfied: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(f\) is an \(m\)-convex function with \(m\in (0,1]\), \item[(ii)] \(f \)is differentiable in \((0,\infty ) \), \item[(iii)] \(g\in C[a,b] \cap C^1(a,b] \) with \(g'(t) >0\) for all \(t\in (a,b]\). \end{itemize}} Let us define the quantities: \[ A_g=\frac{2}{\Gamma(\alpha +1)}[g(b)-g(a)]^{\alpha}, \] \[ B_g=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \left( \int_a^b \frac{g'(y) (b-y)}{[g(b)-g(y)]^{1-\alpha}}dy + \int_a^b \frac{g'(y) (b-y)}{[g(y)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}dy \right), \] \[ C_g=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha)} \left( \int_a^b \frac{g'(x) f'(x)(x-ma)}{[g(b)-g(x)]^{1-\alpha}}dx + \int_a^b \frac{g'(x) f'(x) (x-ma)}{[g(x)-g(a)]^{1-\alpha}}dx \right). \] Then \[ A_g \frac{f(mb)}{m} -B_gf'(mb) \leq I_{a^+;g}^{\alpha} f(b) +I_{b^-;g}^{\alpha} f(a) \leq A_g mf(a) +C_g. \] Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard type are proved using the Ohlin lemma. The main results are given in the following theorems. Theorem 3. The inequality \[ af(\alpha x+(1-\alpha)y)+(1-a)f(\beta x+(1-\beta)y)\leq \frac{1}{y-x}\int_x^y f(t) dt \] with some \(\alpha, a, \beta \in [0,1]\), \(\alpha >\beta\) is satisfied for all \(x,y\in \mathbb{R}\) and all continuous and convex functions \(f:[x,y]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) if and only if \[ a\alpha +(1-a)\beta =\frac 12 \] and one of the following conditions holds true: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(a+\alpha \leq 1\), \item[(ii)] \(a+\beta \geq 1\), \item[(iii)] \(a+\alpha >1\), \(a+\beta <1\) and \(a+2\alpha \leq 2\). \end{itemize}} Theorem 4. The numbers \(a,b,c,\alpha \in (0,1)\), such that \(a+b+c=1\) satisfy the inequality \[ af(x)+bf(\alpha x+(1-\alpha)y) +cf(y) \geq \frac{1}{y-x}\int_x^y f(t) dt \] for all \(x,y \in \mathbb{R}\) and all continuous and convex functions \(f:[x,y]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}\) if and only if \[ b(1-\alpha)+c=\frac 12 \] and one of the following conditions holds true: {\parindent=8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(a+\alpha \geq 1\), \item[(ii)] \(a+b+\alpha \leq 1\), \item[(iii)] \(a+\alpha <1\), \(a+b+\alpha >1\) and \(2a+\alpha \geq 1\). \end{itemize}}

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