The Grothendieck-Teichmüller group of \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,q)\) (Q1705150)

The Grothendieck-Teichmüller group \(\widehat{GT}_{0}\) was introduced by Drinfel'd, based on ideas of Grothendieck, to study the absolute Galois group \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q})\). This group contains in particular the information of the action of the absolute Galois group on dessins d'enfants. In [\textit{P. Guillot}, Springer Proc. Math. Stat. 159, 159--191 (2016; Zbl 1357.14031)] the author defined the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group \(\mathcal{GT}(G)\) of a finite group \(G\). In a similar way as above, this group encodes via a map \(\mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q}) \to \mathcal{GT}(G)\) the action of the absolute Galois group on the set of dessins d'enfants whose monodromy group is \(G\) and, actually, one can retrieve the classical Grothendieck-Teichmüller group \(\widehat{GT}_{0}\) as the inverse limit \(\lim_{G} \mathcal{GT}(G)\). In this context, the interesting part of the group \(\mathcal{GT}(G)\) consists of the subgroup \(\mathcal{GT}_{1}(G)\) corresponding to the non-abelian part of the Galois action. The object of this paper is the study of the Grothendieck-Teichmüller group of the group \(G=\mathrm{PSL}(2,q)\). The main result is that the group \(\mathcal{GT}_{1}(\mathrm{PSL}(2,2^{s}))\) is trivial for all \(s\geq 1\) and the group \(\mathcal{GT}_{1}(\mathrm{PSL}(2,q))\) is isomorphic to certain product \(C_{2}^{n_{1}}\times D_{8}^{n_{2}}\), for \(q\) odd. The proof is based on a characterization of this group as a subgroup of the permutation group on the set of conjugacy classes of triples of generators of \(G\). The author uses then the classification of triples of generators of \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,q)\) in [\textit{A. M. Macbeath}, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 12, 14--32 (1969; Zbl 0192.35703)] to determine the subgroup \(\mathcal{GT}_{1}(G)\). As a consequence of this result, the author also proves that the field of moduli of any dessin whose monodromy group is isomorphic to \(\mathrm{PSL}(2,q)\) has derived length 3.