Mod \(p\) equality theorem for Seiberg-Witten invariants under \(\mathbb Z_p\)-actions (Q743665)

Let \(X\) be a closed oriented 4-manifold with \(b_1=0\) and \(b_+\geq 2\) equipped with a \(\text{Spin}^c\)-structure \(c\). The corresponding Seiberg-Witten invariant is denoted by \(\mathrm{SW}(X,c)\). Now suppose that \(G=\mathbb{Z}_p\) with \(p\) prime acts on \(X\) such that the orientation is preserved and the action can be lifted to \(c\). Let \(G_\alpha\) denote the choice of the lift of the action where \(0\leq \alpha \leq p-1\). For any such triple \((X,c,G_\alpha)\), Ruan defined the corresponding \(G\)-monopole invariant denoted by \(\mathrm{SW}(X,c,G_\alpha)\). This is naturally identified with SW invariant of the \(V\)-manifold \(X/G\) with the \(V\)-\(\text{Spin}^c\)-structure \(c/G_\alpha\). The main result of the paper under review is as follows: suppose that \(\dim H_+(X,\mathbb{R})^G \geq 2\), the virtual dimension of the moduli of SW invariants of \((X,c)\) is zero, and for any \(\alpha\) the virtual dimension of the moduli of \(G_\alpha\) solutions is not positive then \[ \mathrm{SW}(X,c)=\sum_{\alpha=0}^{p-1}m_\alpha \mathrm{SW}(X,c,G_\alpha) \mod p \] for some \(m_\alpha\in \mathbb{Z}\) determined by the \(G\)-index of the Dirac operator and the \(G\)-action on \(H_+(X,\mathbb{R})\). The proof is based on \(G\)-equivariant perturbation of the monopole map and splitting of the moduli space into \(G\)-fixed and \(G\)-free parts and analyzing each part. This result generalizes the \(\mod p\) equality theorem in the case of the free \(G\)-actions and the \(\mod p\) vanishing theorem for SW invariants.