An invariant of topologically ordered states under local unitary transformations

DOI10.1007/S00220-016-2594-YzbMATH Open1338.81049arXiv1407.2926OpenAlexW821377971MaRDI QIDQ261614FDOQ261614

Jeongwan Haah

Publication date: 24 March 2016

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: For an anyon model in two spatial dimensions described by a modular tensor category, the topological S-matrix encodes the mutual braiding statistics, the quantum dimensions, and the fusion rules of anyons. It is nontrivial whether one can compute the S-matrix from a single ground state wave function. Here, we define a class of Hamiltonians consisting of local commuting projectors and an associated matrix that is invariant under local unitary transformations. We argue that the invariant is equivalent to the topological S-matrix. The definition does not require degeneracy of the ground state. We prove that the invariant depends on the state only, in the sense that it can be computed by any Hamiltonian in the class of which the state is a ground state. As a corollary, we prove that any local quantum circuit that connects two ground states of quantum double models (discrete gauge theories) with non-isomorphic abelian groups, must have depth that is at least linear in the system's diameter. As a tool for the proof, a manifestly Hamiltonian-independent notion of locally invisible operators is introduced. This gives a sufficient condition for a many-body state not to be generated from a product state by any small depth quantum circuit; this is a many-body entanglement witness.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1407.2926

zbMATH Keywords

anyons

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum computation (81P68) Quantum coherence, entanglement, quantum correlations (81P40) Topological field theories in quantum mechanics (81T45) (S)-matrix theory, etc. in quantum theory (81U20)

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Cited In (19)

• On the stability of charges in infinite quantum spin systems
• Disentangling the Generalized Double Semion model
• Topological quantum order: Stability under local perturbations
• A short proof of stability of topological order under local perturbations
• Quasi-locality bounds for quantum lattice systems. II: perturbations of frustration-free spin models with gapped ground states
• Topologically invariant transformation for lattice fermions
• The complete set of infinite volume ground states for Kitaev's abelian quantum double models
• Boundary states of a bulk gapped ground state in 2-D quantum spin systems
• Spectral gaps and incompressibility in a \(\nu = 1/3\) fractional quantum Hall system
• Characterizing topological order with matrix product operators
• An entropic invariant for 2D gapped quantum phases
• The split and approximate split property in 2D systems: stability and absence of superselection sectors
• Protected gates for topological quantum field theories
• Double semions in arbitrary dimension
• DHR bimodules of quasi-local algebras and symmetric quantum cellular automata
• Local unitary equivalence of the SLOCC class of three qubits
• Subfactors and quantum information theory
• Anyons and matrix product operator algebras
• Approximate symmetries of Hamiltonians

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