A short proof of stability of topological order under local perturbations

DOI10.1007/S00220-011-1346-2MaRDI QIDQ647375zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Sergey Bravyi, M. B. Hastings

Publication date 23 November 2011

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.4363

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Perturbation theories for operators and differential equations in quantum theory (81Q15) Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: Recently, the stability of certain topological phases of matter under weak perturbations was proven. Here, we present a short, alternate proof of the same result. We consider models of topological quantum order for which the unperturbed Hamiltonian $H_0$ can be written as a sum of local pairwise commuting projectors on a $D$-dimensional lattice. We consider a perturbed Hamiltonian $H=H_0+V$ involving a generic perturbation $V$ that can be written as a sum of short-range bounded-norm interactions. We prove that if the strength of $V$ is below a constant threshold value then $H$ has well-defined spectral bands originating from the low-lying eigenvalues of $H_0$. These bands are separated from the rest of the spectrum and from each other by a constant gap. The width of the band originating from the smallest eigenvalue of $H_0$ decays faster than any power of the lattice size.

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