Polynomials with real zeros and Pólya frequency sequences
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Publication:1763873
DOI10.1016/J.JCTA.2004.07.008zbMath1057.05007arXivmath/0611825OpenAlexW2149977129MaRDI QIDQ1763873
Publication date: 22 February 2005
Published in: Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Let $f(x)$ and $g(x)$ be two real polynomials whose leading coefficients have the same sign. Suppose that $f(x)$ and $g(x)$ have only real zeros and that $g$ interlaces $f$ or $g$ alternates left of $f$. We show that if $adge bc$ then the polynomial $$(bx+a)f(x)+(dx+c)g(x)$$ has only real zeros. Applications are related to certain results of F.Brenti (Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 413 (1989)) and transformations of P'olya frequency sequences. More specifically, suppose that $A(n,k)$ are nonnegative numbers which satisfy the recurrence $$A(n,k)=(rn+sk+t)A(n-1,k-1)+(an+bk+c)A(n-1,k)$$ for $nge 1$ and $0le kle n$, where $A(n,k)=0$ unless $0le kle n$. We show that if $rbge as$ and $(r+s+t)bge (a+c)s$, then for each $nge 0$, $A(n,0),A(n,1),...,A(n,n)$ is a P'olya frequency sequence. This gives a unified proof of the PF property of many well-known sequences including the binomial coefficients, the Stirling numbers of two kinds and the Eulerian numbers.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0611825
Combinatorial inequalities (05A20) Zeros of polynomials, rational functions, and other analytic functions of one complex variable (e.g., zeros of functions with bounded Dirichlet integral) (30C15) Real polynomials: location of zeros (26C10)
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