The Seiberg-Witten invariants of negative definite plumbed 3-manifolds (Q550560)

The topology of a normal complex surface singularity is determined by the resolution graph \(\Gamma\). In fact, a small neighborhood of the singularity is homeomorphic to the cone over the link \(M\) and \(M\) is a plumbed 3-manifold associated with \(\Gamma\). Suppose that the plumbed 3-manifold \(M\) is a rational homology sphere. In the paper under review, the author studies the Seiberg-Witten invariant of the manifold \(M\) in view of invariants of surface singularities, and provides two new combinatorial formulas for the Seiberg-Witten invariant. The first one is sort of the constant term of a ``multivariable Hilbert polynomial''. More precisely, it is the periodic constant of a zeta function \(Z(\mathbf t)\) associated with the graph \(\Gamma\). The periodic constant plays an important role in the addition formula for the geometric genus of splice quotients [\textit{T. Okuma}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 360, No. 12, 6643--6659 (2008; Zbl 1162.32017)] and a surgery formula for the Seiberg-Witten invariant given by \textit{G. Braun} and the author [J. Reine Angew. Math. 638, 189--208 (2010; Zbl 1232.57013)]. As these formulas implied the Seiberg-Witten invariant conjecture of the author and \textit{L. I. Nicolaescu} for splice quotients [Geom. Topol. 6, 269--328 (2002; Zbl 1031.32023)], the first formula in the present paper verifies that the identity of \(Z(\mathbf t)\) with a series determined by the ``divisorial multi-index filtration'' implies the conjecture. The second formula realizes the Seiberg-Witten invariant as the normalized Euler characteristic of the lattice cohomology associated with \(\Gamma\) [the author, Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. 44, No. 2, 507--543 (2008; Zbl 1149.14029)]. This theory is considered as a highly sophisticated generalization of a method using Laufer type computation sequences. The formula supports the conjectural connections between the Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology, or the Heegaard-Floer homology, and the lattice cohomology.