On extremally disconnected generalized topologies (Q2428623)

For a set \(X\), with \(\mathcal P(X)\) as the power set, a subcollection \(\tau\) of \(\mathcal P(X)\) is said to be a generalized topology if \(\emptyset\in \tau\) and any union of elements of \(\tau\) belongs to \(\tau\); for the generalized topological space \((X,\tau)\), (GTS in short), members of \(\tau\) are called \(\tau\)-open sets and their complements are called \(\tau\)-closed sets. For \(A\subseteq X\), the \(\tau\)-closure of \(A\), denoted by \(cl(A)\), is the intersection of \(\tau\)-closed sets containing \(A\); in an analogous manner come the concepts of \(\tau\)-interior, \(\tau\)-semi-open, \((\tau, \tau')\) continuity etc; in case of \((\tau,\tau')\) continuity, for \(f\colon (X, \tau ) \to (Y, \tau')\) where \(\tau\) and \(\tau'\) are generalized topological spaces, \(f\) is said to be generalized continuous. A GTS \((X,\tau)\) is called extremally disconnected if the \(\tau\)-closure of every \(\tau\)-open set is \(\tau\)-open. For a GTS \((X,\tau )\) and \(f\colon (X,\tau)\to\mathbb R\) the concepts of generalized upper semi-continuous or g.u.s.c. (in short) (resp. generalized lower semi-continuous or g.l.s.c. in short) are defined. Some characterization theorems for extremally disconnected GTS are enunciated and proved. Different types of connected GTS's like \(\pi\)-connected, \(\beta\)-connected, \(\sigma(\beta)\)-connected and further, \(\beta\)-irreducibility are defined, and are found to be equivalent in an extremally disconnected GTS.