Uniqueness and reconstruction for the fractional Calderón problem with a single measurement (Q2173760)

In this interesting paper under review, the authors show the global uniqueness in an inverse problem for the fractional Schrödinger equation with a single measurement and provide a reconstruction algorithm. More precisely, let \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n\) be a bounded open set and \(\Omega_e=\mathbb{R}^n\setminus \overline{\Omega}\) be the exterior domain. Let \(\Lambda_q\) be the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map given by \[\Lambda_q: f\mapsto (-\Delta)^s u \big|_{\Omega_e},\] where \(u\) and \(f\) are related through the fractional Schrödinger equation \[ ((-\Delta)^s +q) u=0 \text{ in } \Omega, \quad u=f \text{ in } \Omega_e,\] with the potential \(q\) chosen such that zero is not an eigenvalue. Assume that either \(s\in [\frac{1}{4},1)\) and \(q\in L^\infty(\Omega)\) or \(q\in C^0(\overline{\Omega})\). The authors show that, given any nonempty open sets \(W_1, W_2\subset \Omega_e\) with \(\overline{\Omega}\cap W_1=\emptyset\), and given any nonzero function \(f\) supported in \(W_1\), the potential \(q\) is uniquely determined by the single function \(f\) and the single measurement \(\Lambda_q(f)\big|_{W_2}\). Moreover, an explicit reconstruction procedure to recover the potential \(q\) from \(f\) and \(\Lambda_q(f)\) is given. Note that the previous work [\textit{T. Ghosh} et al., Anal. PDE 13, No. 2, 455--475 (2020; Zbl 1439.35530)] considers infinitely many measurements, where one knows \(\Lambda_q(f)\big|_{W_2}\) for all \(f\in C_c^\infty(W_1)\). The proof is based on the strong approximation properties for the fractional Schrödinger equation and a unique continuation principle from sets of measure zero.