Analytical properties of solutions to a system of nonlinear partial differential equations (Q676898)

We investigate the analytical properties of the solutions to the following autonomous ordinary differential equation system \[ (y_0'\cdot y^{-1}_0)'=y_1,\;(y_1'\cdot y^{-1}_1)'=y_2-2y_1,\;(y_k'\cdot y^{-1}_k)'=y_{k+1}-2y_k+y_{k-1},\;k=2,\dots,N-2,\tag{1} \] \[ (y_{N-1}'\cdot y^{-1}_{N-1})'=-2y_{N-1}+ y_{N-2}, \] which is the self-similar reduction of a certain partial differential equation system \[ ((w_0)_t'\cdot w^{-1}_0)_x'=w_1,\quad ((w_1)_t'\cdot w^{-1}_1)_x'=w_2-2w_1,\tag{2} \] \[ ((w_k)_t'\cdot w^{-1}_k)_x'=w_{k+1}-2w_k+w_{k-1},\;k=2,\dots,N-2, \] \[ ((w_{N-1})_t'\cdot w^{-1}_{N-1})_x'=-2w_{N-1}+w_{N-2} \] if \(w_l(x,t)=\exp(-z)y_l(z)\), \(\exp z=\tau\), \(\tau=xt\), where \(y_l'=dy_l/dz\), \(l=0,\dots,N-1\). This system (2) is the generalized Liouville equation \[ w_{xt}=\exp w\tag{3} \] with \(N=2\) or \(N=3\). Actually, if \(N=2\) and if \(w_0=3w_1\), we obtain (3), where \(w_1=\exp w\). In the case where \(N=3\) and \(w_2=w_1\), the second and third equations of system (2) can also be considered as (3) (up to the scaling of \(x\) and \(t\)).