Period function and normalizers of vector fields in \(\mathbb R^n\) with \(n - 1\) first integrals (Q2480287)

Let \(V\) be a \(C^k\), \(k\geq1\), vector field on \({\mathbb R}^n\) which possesses \(n-1\) first integrals \(f_i:{\mathbb R}^n\to {\mathbb R}\), \(i=1,\dots n-1,\) independent and of class \(C^{k+1}.\) The goal of this paper is to extend all the results on the relationship between first integrals, normalizers and period function, obtained during these last years by other authors when \(n=2\), to the higher dimensional case, \(n>2.\) Write the vector field \(V\) under the above hypotheses as \(V=\lambda W\) for some real valued function \(\lambda,\) being \(W\) a new vector field constructed from the \(n-1\) functions, \(f_1,\dots,f_{n-1}\) and sharing with \(V\) this sets of first integrals. Recall also that a transversal vector field to \(V,\) \(S\) is called a normalizer of \(V\) if there exists a real valued function \(\mu\) such that \([V,S]=\mu V.\) Some of the main results of the paper are: Proposition. If \(f_i\) are independent first integrals of \(V\) in some region \(E\subset{\mathbb R}^n\), then \(V\) has \(n-1\) independent normalizers \(S_1,\dots, S_{n-1},\) with corresponding \(\mu_i=\text{div}(S_i)-S_i (\ln(| \lambda| )).\) Theorem. If the vector field \(V\) has \(n-1\) independent normalizers \(S_i,\) with \([V,S_i]=\mu_i V\), on a region \(E\) filled by periodic orbits, then the period function \(T\) satisfies \[ {\partial T(s_1^0,s_2^0,\dots,s_{n-1}^0)\over\partial s_i}=\int_0^{T(s_1^0,s_2^0,\dots,s_{n-1}^0)} \mu_i(\gamma(t))\,dt, \] where \(\gamma(t)\) is the orbit of \(V\) passing trough \((s_1^0,s_2^0,\dots,s_{n-1}^0)\) and the periodic orbits are parameterized by the flow of the normalizers. A similar result is given when the periodic orbits are parameterized by their energies and also an extension of the above theorem when the normalizers are unknown. All the results are accompanied by illustrative examples.