Dual properties of Triebel-Lizorkin-type spaces and their applications (Q628814)

The dual of the Hardy space \(H_1 (\mathbb R^n)\) is \(\text{BMO} (\mathbb R^n)\). Conversely, if \(CMO (\mathbb R^n)\) is the closure of \(C_0 (\mathbb R^n)\) in \(\text{BMO} (\mathbb R^n)\), then \(CMO (\mathbb R^n)' = H_1 (\mathbb R^n)\). The paper generalizes this assertion to \(\dot{F}^{s,\tau}_{p,q} (\mathbb R^n)^\circ\) which is the completion of \[ \big\{ \phi \in S(\mathbb R^n): \;\;D^\gamma \widehat{\phi}(0) =0 \quad \text{for all} \quad \gamma \in \mathbb N^n_0 \big\} \] in \(\dot{F}^{s,\tau}_{p,q} (\mathbb R^n)\), normed by \[ \| f \, | \dot{F}^{s,\tau}_{p,q} (\mathbb R^n) = \inf_P |P|^{-\tau} \Big( \int_P \Big( \sum^\infty_{j=j_P} 2^{jsq} \big| F^{-1} \phi_j F f(\cdot) \big|^q \Big)^{p/q} dx \Big)^{1/q}, \] \(s \in \mathbb R\), \(0<p<\infty\), \(0<q\leq \infty\), \(\tau \geq 0\), where \(P\) are dyadic cubes in \(\mathbb R^n\) of side length \(2^{-j_P}\). For this purpose, the authors introduce new spaces \(FH^{s,\tau}_{p,q} (\mathbb R^n)\) called Triebel-Lizorkin-Hausdorff spaces based on Choquet integrals.