Gradient Ricci solitons with vanishing conditions on Weyl (Q2357794)

A Riemannian manifold \((M^n,g)\), \(n\geq 3\), is a \textit{gradient Ricci soliton} if there exists a smooth function \(f\) on \(M\) such that \(\text{Ric}+\nabla^2f=\lambda g\) for some constant \(\lambda\). It is said to be \textit{shrinking} if \(\lambda>0\), \textit{steady} if \(\lambda=0\) and \textit{expanding} if \(\lambda<0\). The paper begins with a review of known results, especially in the shrinking case discussing finite quotients of \(N^{n-k}\times {\mathbb R}^k\) where \(N^{n-k}\) is an Einstein manifold and \({\mathbb R}^k\) is the Gaussian shrinking soliton. Next the authors introduce the ``triple divergence'' of the Cotton tensor \(C\) and the ``4-divergence'' of the Weyl conformal curvature tensor \(W\). The main results of the paper are the following: \textbf{I.} Every complete gradient shrinking Ricci soliton of dimension \(n\geq 4\) with \(\text{div}^4(W)=0\) is either Einstein or isometric to a finite quotient of \(N^{n-k}\times {\mathbb R}^k\), \(k>0\). \textbf{II.} Let \((M^n,g)\), \(n\geq 4\), be a complete gradient steady Ricci soliton and such that the scalar curvature attains its maximum at some point. If \(\text{div}^4(W)=0\), then \((M^n,g)\) has harmonic Weyl curvature. \textbf{III.} Let \((M^n,g)\), \(n\geq 4\), be a complete gradient expanding Ricci soliton with nonnegative Ricci curvature. If \(\text{div}^4(W)=0\), then \((M^n,g)\) has harmonic Weyl curvature. \textbf{IV.} Every 3-dimensional complete gradient steady Ricci soliton with \(\text{div}^3(C)=0\) is isometric to either a finite quotient of \({\mathbb R}^3\) or the Bryant soliton up to scaling. \textbf{V.} Every 3-dimensional complete gradient expanding Ricci soliton with nonnegative Ricci curvature and \(\text{div}^3(C)=0\) is rotationally symmetric. The proofs center around some new integrability conditions for gradient Ricci solitons and an integral formula relating \(|C|^2\) and the double divergence of \(C\).