Embedding divisorial schemes into smooth ones (Q2304577)

Let \(R\) be a noetherian ground ring. The author establishes that an \(R\)-scheme \(X\) of finite type that admits an ample family of line bundles allows a closed embedding into another \(R\)-scheme \(W\) of finite type that admits an ample family of line bundles and is furthermore smooth. This generalizes a result of \textit{H. Brenner} and \textit{S. Schröer} [Pac. J. Math. 208, No. 2, 209--230 (2003; Zbl 1095.14004)], who proved that \(X\) has an ample family if and only if it is isomorphic to a closed subscheme of some multihomogeneous homogeneous spectrum of some finitely generated polynomial ring, endowed with a \(\mathbb{Z}^n\)-grading. Note that such spectra are usually non-separated, unlike the classical case of \(\mathbb{N}\)-gradings. Recall that \(\mathscr{L}_1,\ldots,\mathscr{L}_n\) is called an ample family is the non-zero loci of global sections in tensor combinations form a basis of the Zariski topology. For \(n=1\) this gives back the notion of an ample sheaf. The generalization was introduced by \textit{M. Borelli} [Pac. J. Math. 13, 375--388 (1963; Zbl 0123.38102)]. Schemes admitting an ample family are also called divisorial. Examples are the regular noetherian schemes. A crucial step in the paper is an essentially combinatorial lemma, which gives a sufficient conditions for homogeneous localizations of \(\mathbb{Z}^n\)-graded rings to be polynomial rings. As an application, Zanchetta shows that if \(X\) is divisorial, then each collection \(\mathscr{E}_1,\ldots,\mathscr{E}_n\) of locally free sheaves of finite rank arises as a pull-back of locally free sheaves under a morphism \(f:X\to Y\) to a smooth divisorial scheme.