Construction of stable rank 2 bundles on \(\mathbb{P}^3\) via symplectic bundles (Q2313309)

This paper deals with the construction of two new families of stable rank two vector bundles on the complex projective space \(\mathbb{P}^3\). Since twisting by a line bundle does not affect stability, the crucial spaces in this area are the moduli spaces \(B(e,n)\) of isomorphic classes of Gieseker-Maruyama stable bundles of rank two, first Chern class \(e=0\) or \(-1\) and second Chern class \(n\). It was proved by \textit{R. Hartshorne} [Math. Ann. 238, 229--280 (1978; Zbl 0411.14002)] that \(B(e,n)\) is a quasiprojective space, not empty for \(e=0\) and \(n\geq 1\) or \(e=-1\) and \(n\geq 2\). Moreover, one expects, by deformation theory, that the dimension of any component of these moduli spaces is at least \(8n-3+2e\). Due to its intrinsic importance and relation with crucial problems in mathematical physics (namely, connections on bundles on the four-dimensional real sphere which are solutions of the Yang-Mills equations) a particular family of bundles in \(B(0,n)\) was identified: they are the so-called ``mathematical instanton bundles''. In an outstanding tour de force, and with the collaboration of many mathematicians, it was shown that the closure of the family of instanton bundles in \(B(0,n)\) forms an irreducible and smooth component \(I_n\) of the expected dimension \(8n-3\). It is interesting, therefore, to find other families of stable rank two bundles whose closure in \(B(0,n)\) form a distinct irreducible component from \(I_n\). Examples have been found by Barth, Hulek, Ellingsrud, Strømme, Vedernikov, Rao, Ein etc. in the case of \(e=0\). In the case of \(e=-1\), Hartshorne constructed such a series \(B_0(-1,2m)\), \(m\geq 1\), inside \(B(-1,2m)\). In this paper, generalizing the construction from Almeida, Jardim, Tikhomirov and Tikhomirov [\textit{Ch. Almeida} et al., ``New moduli components of rank 2 bundles on projective space'', \url{arXiv:1702.06520}; Pac. J. Math. 291, No. 2, 399--424 (2017; Zbl 1457.14025)], the authors construct two new infinite series: namely, in case of \(e=0\), they are constructed as deformations of the cohomology of a monad of the form \[ 0\rightarrow O_{\mathbb{P}^3}(-a)\rightarrow E_1\oplus E_2\rightarrow O_{\mathbb{P}^3}(a)\rightarrow 0. \] where \(E_i\) are instanton bundles. It is shown that this construction gives components of \(B(0,n)\) for all \(n\geq 146\) (and this is the only case, besides the instanton component, where it is known the existence of an infinite series). A similar construction is then done for the case \(e=-1\), substituting the instantons on the monad by bundles from Hartshorne's series \(B_0(-1,2m)\).