Moduli space of factorized ramified connections and generalized isomonodromic deformation (Q6042947)

For \(C\) a complex smooth projective curve and \(D\) an effective divisor on \(C\), consider an algebraic vector bundle \(E\) on \(C\) of rank \(r\) and a rational connection \(\nabla :E\rightarrow E\otimes \Omega _C(D)\) with poles along \(D\). The connection is irregular singular at \(x\in D\), if it cannot be reduced to a logarithmic connection via a meromorphic transform around \(x\), so the order of pole of \(\nabla\) at \(x\) is at least two. Such a connection is locally written \(\nabla |_U=\mathrm{d}+A(z)\mathrm{d}z/z^m\) for a matrix \(A\) of holomorphic functions in \(z\), where \(m\) is the order of the pole. The author introduces the notion of factorized ramified structure on a generic ramified irregular singular connection on a smooth projective curve. (For a ramified connection, the matrix \(A(0)\) has less than \(r\) distinct eigenvalues.) By using the deformation theory of connections with factorized ramified structure, he constructs a canonical 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections. The factorized ramified structure providing a duality on the tangent space of the moduli space, the 2-form is nondegenerate. It is proved that the 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections is d-closed via constructing an unfolding of the moduli space. The Stokes data allow to introduce the notion of local generalized isomonodromic deformation for generic unramified irregular singular connections on a unit disk. Applying the Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno theory to generic unramified connections, the local generalized isomonodromic deformation is equivalent to the extendability of the family of connections to an integrable connection. The author gives the same statement for ramified connections. Based on this principle of Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno theory, he constructs a global generalized isomonodromic deformation on the moduli space of generic ramified connections by constructing a horizontal lift of a universal family of connections. The global generalized isomonodromic deformation permits to lift the relative symplectic form on the moduli space to a total closed form, which is called a generalized isomonodromic 2-form.