The unipotent mixing conjecture (Q6142982)

Let \(X=\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})/\mathbb{H}\) be a modular curve. In the present paper under review, the authors investigate the distribution properties of sets of type \[ H_{q, (b_1,b_2)}(N)=\left \lbrace \left (\frac{b_1 a+i}{q}, \frac{b_2 a+i}{q}\right) \mid 1\leq a \leq N \right \rbrace \subset X\times X, \] where \(0 < b_1 < b_2\) are distinct integers bounded by a fixed power of \(q\) and with \(N\) satisfying \(b1N\), \(b2N \leq q\). More precisely, when \(q\) is a large prime and \(b\) is coprime with \(p\) satisfying some restrictions, it is shown that the set \[ H_{q, b}=\left \lbrace \left ( \frac{a+i}{q}, \frac{ab+i}{q} \right) \mid a\pmod q\right \rbrace \subset X\times X \] becomes equidistributed with respect to the product of hyperbolic measures \(\mu_{X\times X}=\mu_X \otimes \mu_X\). Finally, the authors prove a similar theorem for ``continuous'' version of low-lying pairs of horocycles.