The Brauer algebra and the symplectic Schur algebra (Q966455)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(p>0.\) Let \(n,r\in\mathbb{Z}\), \(n>0\) even,\ \(r\geq0,\) and let \(E=k^{n}.\) The symplectic Schur algebra, denoted \(S_{0}\left( n,r\right) ,\) is the enveloping algebra of the symplectic group Sp\(_{n}=\)Sp\(_{n}\left( k\right) \) in End\(_{k}\left( E^{\otimes r}\right) .\) For \(\delta\in k\) let \(B_{r}\left( \delta\right) \) denote the Brauer algebra: note that for \(\delta\in\mathbb{Z}\) we can define \(B_{r}\left( \delta\right) \) by identifying \(\delta\) with its image in \(k\). If \(n\geq2r\) then \(B_{r}\left( -n\right) \) can be identified with End\(_{\text{Sp}_{n}}\left( E^{\otimes r}\right) \) so we assume throughout that this inequality holds. Here, the authors consider two functors: the symplectic Schur functor \(f_{0} : \mod\left( S_{0}\left( n,r\right) \right) \rightarrow\mod \left( B_{r}\left( -n\right) \right) \) and the inverse symplectic Schur functor \(g_{0}:\mod\left( B_{r}\left( -n\right) \right) \rightarrow\mod\left( S_{0}\left( n,r\right) \right) ,\) and use them to develop the representation theories of these algebras. Explicitly, \(f_{0}\left( M\right) =\Hom_{\text{Sp}_{n}}\left( E^{\otimes r},M\right) \) and \(g_{0}\left( V\right) =E^{\otimes r}\otimes_{B_{r}\left( -n\right) }V,\) and there is the expected isomorphism \(\Hom_{\text{Sp}_{n} }\left( g_{0}\left( V\right) ,M\right) \rightarrow\Hom _{B_{r}\left( -n\right) }\left( E^{\otimes r},M\right) .\) Results on block representations are obtained in the case \(p\neq2\), namely there is a description of when two partitions are in the same block of \(S_{0}\left( n,r\right) ,\) similar to what is known for Brauer algebras, namely that they are conjugate under the star action of the Weyl group of type \(D_{r}\) (signed permutations that involve an even number of sign changes). Furthermore, partitions \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) satisfying a certain relation are in the same \(S_{0}\left( n,r\right) \)-block if and only if their transposes \(\lambda^{\prime}\) and \(\mu^{\prime}\) are in the same \(B_{r}\left( -n\right) \)-block. Similarly, the orthogonal Schur algebra \(S_{1}\left( n,r\right) \) is defined to be the enveloping algebra of the orthogonal group \(O\left( n\right) \) in End\(_{k}\left( E^{\otimes r}\right) .\) In this case End\(_{Br\left( n\right) }\left( E^{\otimes n}\right) \) is identified with \(S_{1}\left( n,r\right) ,\) and if \(p\neq2\) and \(n>2r\) \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are in the same \(S_{1}\left( n,r\right) \)-block if an only if \(\lambda^{\prime}\) and \(\mu^{\prime}\) are in the same \(B_{r}\left( n\right) \)-block. One can use these results to provide a new proof of the block result in [\textit{A. Cox, M. de Visscher, P. Martin}, J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 80, No. 2, 471--494 (2009; Zbl 1231.20042)] for characteristic zero. Extending the block relation on \(B_{r}\left( \delta\right) \) gives that \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) (as above) are in the same \(B_{r}\left( \delta\right) \)-block if and only if \(\lambda^{\prime}\) and \(\mu^{\prime}\) are conjugate under the star action of \(W\left( D_{r}\right) .\)