On the Lefschetz zeta function for a class of toral maps (Q2229222)

The authors consider the class of self-maps on the \(n\)-dimensional torus \(f:\mathbb{T}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{T}^{n}\). They suppose that \(f\) is continuous map, such that the characteristic polynomial of \(f_{*1}\) is \(C_{ f_{*1}} (t) = p(t) := t^{n} - a\), where \(a > 1\) is an integer such that \(a\) is not the \(d\)-th power of an integer, for \(d\) a divisor of \(n\), greater than \(1\). The authors extend the previous work for quasi-unipotent maps on the torus and describe the periodic structure of this class when the eigenvalues of the induced map on the first homology are dilations of roots of unity. The present family of maps shares some properties with the family of the quasi-unipotent maps. The authors compute their Lefschetz numbers \(L(f):= \sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^{k} \mathrm{trace}(f_{*k})\). It is found that if \(m\in S_{d,n}\), for \(d\) a divisor of \(n\), then \(L(f^{m})= (-1)^{d}(a^{m/d}-1)^{d}\). Further, the authors prove that the Lefschetz numbers of period \(m\) are non-zero, for all \(m\)'s, if \(n\) is an odd prime. They also prove that the Lefschetz numbers of period \(m\), \(l (f^{m})<0\) for all \(m>0\). The authors mention that their family of maps are related to transversal maps on the torus and they show that the transversal maps on this class have all odd numbers as periods and there are infinitely many even periods. Moreover, they provide an explicit formula for their corresponding Lefschetz zeta functions as \[\zeta(t)=\exp\bigg(\sum_{m\geq 1}L(f^{m})\frac{t^{m}}{m}\bigg)=\frac{1-at}{1-t}\prod_{j=1}^{n-1}\bigg(\frac{1}{1-a^{j}t^{n}}\bigg)^{\frac{(-1)^{j}}{n}\binom{n}{j}}.\] The authors conjecture that, in any dimension, the Lefschetz numbers of period \(m\) are non-zero, for all \(m\). They also present a numerical evidence in the case of \(l (f^{m})\), for \(m=1,2,\dots,9\), for some values of \(a\) and \(n\).