A generalized mean value inequality for subharmonic functions

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Abstract: We generalize the well-known mean value inequality of subharmonic functions for a slightly more general function class. We also apply this generalized mean value inequality to weighted boundary behavior and nonintegrability questions of subharmonic and superharmonic functions.


If \(f\) is an integrable function on the ball \(B(x,r)\) of centre \(x\) and radius \(r\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) where \(n\geq 2\), then \(M(f,x,r)\) denotes the mean value of \(f\) on \(B(x,r)\). It is known that if \(u\) is a nonnegative subharmonic function on a domain \(\Omega\) in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) and \(p>0\), then \(u^p(x)\leq CM(u^p, x,r)\) whenever \(\overline{B(x,r)} \subset\Omega\), where \(C\) depends only on \(n\) and \(p\). (If \(p\geq 1\), then we can take \(C=1\). The author [Expo. Math. 7, 69-72 (1989; Zbl 0677.31004)] pointed out that in the case where \(0<p<1\) the result is essentially contained in work of \textit{C. Fefferman} and \textit{E. M. Stein} [Acta Math. 29, 137-193 (1972; Zbl 0257.46078)]).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe paper under review gives a short proof of the following more general theorem. If \(u\) is nonnegative and subharmonic on \(\Omega\) and \(\psi: [0,+\infty] \to[0,+ \infty]\) is a concave surjection such that \(\psi^{-1}(2t)\leq A\psi^{-1}(t)\) for all \(t\geq 0\), where \(A\) is a constant, then there exists a constant \(C=C(n,\psi) \geq 1\) such that \((\psi\circ u)(x)\leq CM(\psi \circ u,x,r)\) whenever \(\overline {B(x,r)} \subset\Omega\).




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