A generalized mean value property for polyharmonic functions

DOI10.1007/S11075-015-0090-7MaRDI QIDQ312188zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 14 September 2016

Published in Numerical Algorithms (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL http://hdl.handle.net/10852/62349

integral formulas polyharmonic functions polynomial interpolation

Integral representations, integral operators, integral equations methods in higher dimensions (31B10) Biharmonic and polyharmonic equations and functions in higher dimensions (31B30)

Review text

Let \(u\) be a polyharmonic function of order \(m\geq 1\), that is \(\Delta^m u=0\) in a ball \(B(R)\subset {\mathbb R}^n\) (\(n\geq 2\)) of radius \(R>0\). For a point \(x\) inside the ball \(B(R)\) and for a unit vector \(\mu\in{\mathbb R}^n\), the line through \(x\) in direction \(\mu\) intersects the sphere \(\partial B(R)\) at two points, say \(y_0=x+s_0\mu\), \(y_1=x+s_1\mu\). Let \(p_\mu(s)\) be the unique polynomial of degree \(2m-1\) satisfying \[ \frac{d^k p_\mu}{ds^k}(s_j)=D_\mu^ku(y_j),\quad j=0,1 \text{ and }0\leq k\leq m-1. \] The main result of the paper establishes the integral formula \[ u(x)=\frac{2}{\omega_n}\int_{{\mathbb H}^{n-1}} p_\mu(0)d\sigma, \] where \(d\sigma\) denotes the \((n-1)\) dimensional area, \({\mathbb H}^{n-1}\) is any of the hemispheres of \(\partial B(1)\) and \(\omega_n\) denotes the surface area of \(\partial B(1)\).

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