A reduction method for higher order variational equations of Hamiltonian systems

MaRDI QIDQ3100079zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Ainhoa Aparicio Monforte, Jacques-Arthur Weil

Publication date 22 November 2011

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6345

zbMATH Keywords

differential fielddifferential Galois theoryHamiltonian systemshigher-order variational equationsobstructions to integrabilityreduced forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Explicit solutions, first integrals of ordinary differential equations (34A05) Algebraic aspects (differential-algebraic, hypertranscendence, group-theoretical) of ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M15) Formal solutions and transform techniques for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M25) Obstructions to integrability for finite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (nonintegrability criteria) (37J30) Symbolic computation and algebraic computation (68W30)

Abstract: Let $mathbfk$ be a differential field and let $[A],:,Y^{\prime }=A,Y$ be a linear differential system where $AinmathrmMat(n,,,mathbfk)$. We say that $A$ is in a reduced form if $$ where $mathfrakg$ is the Lie algebra of $[A]$ and $$ denotes the algebraic closure of $mathbfk$. We owe the existence of such reduced forms to a result due to Kolchin and Kovacic cite{Ko71a}. This paper is devoted to the study of reduced forms, of (higher order) variational equations along a particular solution of a complex analytical hamiltonian system $X$. Using a previous result cite{ApWea}, we will assume that the first order variational equation has an abelian Lie algebra so that, at first order, there are no Galoisian obstructions to Liouville integrability. We give a strategy to (partially) reduce the variational equations at order $m+1$ if the variational equations at order $m$ are already in a reduced form and their Lie algebra is abelian. Our procedure stops when we meet obstructions to the meromorphic integrability of $X$. We make strong use both of the lower block triangular structure of the variational equations and of the notion of associated Lie algebra of a linear differential system (based on the works of Wei and Norman in cite{WeNo63a}). Obstructions to integrability appear when at some step we obtain a non-trivial commutator between a diagonal element and a nilpotent (subdiagonal) element of the associated Lie algebra. We use our method coupled with a reasoning on polylogarithms to give a new and systematic proof of the non-integrability of the H'enon-Heiles system. We conjecture that our method is not only a partial reduction procedure but a complete reduction algorithm. In the context of complex Hamiltonian systems, this would mean that our method would be an effective version of the Morales-Ramis-Sim'o theorem.

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Cited in

(12)

• Reduction of bi-Hamiltonian systems and separation of variables: An example from the Boussinesq hierarchy
• Computing the Lie algebra of the differential Galois group: the reducible case
• A characterization of reduced forms of linear differential systems
• Higher order Lagrange-Poincaré and Hamilton-Poincaré reductions
• The Finite-Dimensional Moser Type Reduction of Modified Boussinesq and Super-Korteweg-de Vries Hamiltonian Systems via the Gradient-Holonomic Algorithm and Dual Moment Maps. Part I
• Linearised higher variational equations
• Picard-Vessiot theory and integrability
• Integrability of potentials of degree \(k \neq \pm 2\). Second order variational equations between Kolchin solvability and abelianity
• Differential Galois theory and integration
• Integrable planar homogeneous potentials of degree \(- 1\) with small eigenvalues
• A reduced form for linear differential systems and its application to integrability of Hamiltonian systems
• Liouville integrability: an effective Morales-Ramis-Simó theorem

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