Affine interval exchange transformations with wandering intervals

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In one-dimensional dynamics, a wandering interval is one all whose forward images are pairwise disjoint and whose limit set is infinite. Unique ergodicity is often associated with the absence of wandering intervals, such is the situation for circle diffeomorphisms. The present paper gives, possibly for the first time in one-dimensional dynamics, an example of a system which is both uniquely ergodic and has wandering intervals. The example belongs to the class of interval exchange maps, that is maps of an interval which are affine and order-preserving except for finitely many points of discontinuity. Let us recall that interval exchange maps occur naturally in the study of foliations on surfaces. The example is found as a so-called Rauzy map which is renormalizable. That implies unique ergodicity. Then detailed analysis is employed to pick the slopes of the branches in such a way that a wandering interval is formed. This procedure depends on a lemma that characterizes allowable choices of slopes algebraically in the terms of the matrix associated to the Rauzy map.




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