Amenability of finite energy path and loop groups
In the paper under review, the author resolves a notable question regarding the amenability of certain infinite-dimensional topological groups, a topic with significant motivations originating from gauge field theories and operator algebras. The primary result establishes that the groups of finite energy (Sobolev class \(H^1\)) paths and loops taking values in a compact Lie group, equipped with the \(H^1\)-topology, are both amenable and skew-amenable. This represents a substantial advancement over the previously strongest known result by \textit{M.-P. Malliavin} and \textit{P. Malliavin} [J. Funct. Anal. 108, No. 1, 13--46 (1992; Zbl 0762.22019)], which established amenability only for groups of continuous (\(C^0\)) paths and loops.The methodology relies heavily on utilizing the right logarithmic derivative to establish a metric isomorphism between the group of based finite energy paths and the Hilbert space \(L^2(\mathbb{I}, \mathfrak{f})\). To prove amenability, the author constructs a sequence of asymptotically invariant probability measures. This is achieved by approximating the space using finite-dimensional vector spaces of simple functions and analyzing the Monge-Kantorovich mass transportation distance between uniform measures on Euclidean balls and their right-translated images. The author successfully demonstrates that this distance converges to zero, allowing for the construction of an invariant mean via an ultralimit argument over a non-principal ultrafilter.
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