An entire holomorphic function associated to an entire harmonic function

DOI10.1006/JATH.1999.3338MaRDI QIDQ1305502zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 30 October 2001

Published in Journal of Approximation Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1006/jath.1999.3338

entire functions growth rates harmonic functions uniqueness theorems

Special classes of entire functions of one complex variable and growth estimates (30D15) Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic functions in two dimensions (31A05)

Review text

Given a harmonic function \(h\) on \(\mathbb{R}^N\), \(N\geq 2\), \((h\in {\mathcal H}_N)\) there is a unique holomorphic function \(f\) on \(\mathbb{C}\), \((f\in{\mathcal E})\) such that \(f(t)=h(t,0,\dots,0)\) for \(t\in\mathbb{R}\). This paper has two purposes. Firstly to obtain theorems on the connection between the growth rates of \(h\) and \(f\) which are more comprehensive and precise than those obtained formerly, and secondly to apply these results to deduce uniqueness theorems for harmonic functions. One of them is given below as theorem 1. Let \(M_2(g,r)= (\int_S |g(rx) |^2 d\sigma(x))^{1/2}\), where \(S\) is the unit sphere in \(R^N\) if \(g=h\in{\mathcal H}\), or the unit circle in \(\mathbb{C}\) if \(g=f\in{\mathcal E}\). The maximum value of \(|g|\) on \(S\) is denoted by \(M_\infty(g,r)\). Let \(\rho(g)\) and \(\tau(g)\) be the order and type of \(g\) respectively. It is said that \(g\) is of growth \((\rho,\tau)\) if \(\rho(g) <\rho\) or \(\rho(g)=\rho\), \(\tau (g)\leq\tau\). The values of \(\rho(g)\) and \(\tau(g)\) are unaffected if \(M_\infty (g,r)\) is replaced by \(M_2(g,r)\) in their definitions. Proposition 1: If \(h\) is of growth \((\rho,\tau)\), then so also is \(f\). For certain class of functions of order l the following result is proved. Proposition 2: If \(M_2(h,r)=O(r^p e^{\lambda r})\), \((r\to+ \infty)\), \(p\in\mathbb{R}\), \(\lambda>0\), then \(M_\infty (f, r)=O(r^{p+(2N-3)/4} e^{\lambda r})\), \((r\to+\infty\). Theorem 1. Suppose that \(h\in{\mathcal H}_N\) and \(h(m,0, \dots,0)=0\) for all \(m\in\mathbb{Z}\). (i) If \(M_2 (h,r)=O(r^p e^{\pi r})\), \((r\to+ \infty)\), for some \(p\geq(3-2N)/4\), then \(h(t,0,\dots, 0)=P(t)\sin (\pi t)\) for all real \(t\), where \(P\) is a polynomial of degree at most \(p+(2N-3)/4\). (ii) If \(M_2(h,r)=o(r^{3-2N)/4}e^{\pi r})\), \((r\to +\infty)\), then \(h(t,0, \dots,0)=0\) for all real \(t\).

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