Associated orthogonal polynomials of the first kind and Darboux transformations

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2021.125883MaRDI QIDQ2069913zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors P. H. Villamil-Hernández, Juan Carlos García-Ardila, Francisco Marcellán

Publication date 21 January 2022

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.02321

zbMATH Keywords

Darboux transformationsLU factorizationQR factorizationfirst kind orthogonal polynomialsUL factorization

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05)

Abstract: Let $un,$ be a quasi-definite linear functional defined on the space of polynomials $mathbbP.$ For such a functional we can define a sequence of monic orthogonal polynomials (SMOP in short) $(P_n{)}_{ngeq0},$ which satisfies a three term recurrence relation. Shifting one unity the recurrence coefficient indices given the sequence of associated polynomials of the first kind which are orthogonal with respect to a linear functional denoted by $u{n}^{(1)}$. In the literature two special transformations of the functional $un$ are studied, the canonical Christoffel transformation $widetildeun=(x-c)un$ and the canonical Geronimus transformation $widehatun=fracun(x-c)+Mdelta{n}_c$ , where $c$ is a fixed complex number, $M$ is a free parameter and $delta{n}_c$ is the linear functional defined on $mathbbP$ as $prodintdelta{n}_c,p(x)=p(c).$ For the Christoffel transformation with SMOP $(widetilde{P}_n{)}_{ngeq0}$, we are interested in analyzing the relation between the linear functionals $u{n}^{(1)}$ and $widetilde{un}^{(1)}.$ There, the super index denotes the linear functionals associated with the orthogonal polynomial sequences of the first kind $(P_n^{(1)}{)}_{ngeq0}$ and $(widetilde{P}_n^{(1)}{)}_{ngeq0},$ respectively. This problem is also studied for Geronimus transformations. Here we give close relations between their corresponding monic Jacobi matrices by using the LU and UL factorizations. To get this result, we first need to study the relation between $u{n}^{-1}$ (the inverse functional) and $u{n}^{(1)}$ which can be expressed from a quadratic Geronimus transformation.

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Cited in

(11)

• Darboux transformation and nonclassical orthogonal polynomials
• On the Darboux transformations and sequences of \(p\)-orthogonal polynomials
• Integrable differential systems for deformed Laguerre–Hahn orthogonal polynomials
• Higher-order recurrence relations, Sobolev-type inner products and matrix factorizations
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