Automorphisms of nearly finite Coxeter groups

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A Coxeter group is a group with presentation of the form \(W=\langle S\mid(st)^{m_{st}}=e\) \(\forall s,t\in S\rangle\), where the \(m_{st}\) are integers (possibly infinity, which corresponds to no relation), and \(m_{ss}=1\) for all \(s\in S\) (each generator in \(S\) has order \(2\) in \(W\)). If \(W\) is finite then it can be shown that it is a reflection group; the finite crystallographic reflection groups form the Weyl groups of the semisimple complex Lie algebras. Even if \(W\) is infinite, this can be generalised to give a so-called geometric representation of \(W\) in which an element of \(W\) is referred to as a reflection if it fixes a hyperplane pointwise and negates some nonzero vector. See \textit{J. E. Humphreys} [Reflection groups and Coxeter groups (1992; Zbl 0768.20016)] for more on Coxeter groups. The rank of a Coxeter group is the number of elements in \(S\). A (standard) parabolic subgroup of \(W\) is a subgroup generated by some subset of \(S\). Such a subgroup is a Coxeter group also, in a natural way. The presentation above corresponds to a diagram, known as the Coxeter diagram, of the group; the vertices are the elements of \(S\) and for all \(s,t\in S\) there is an edge between \(s\) and \(t\) labelled with \(m_{st}\). If \(m_{st}=2\) the edge is omitted and if \(m_{st}=3\) the label is omitted. The authors show that if \(W\) is an infinite Coxeter group of finite rank \(n\) with a finite parabolic subgroup \(W_J\) (\(J\) a subset of \(S\)) of rank \(n-1\) and none of the \(m_{st}\)'s are infinite, then any automorphism of \(W\) preserving reflections lies in the subgroup of \(\Aut(W)\) generated by the inner automorphisms and the Coxeter graph automorphisms. They show further that if \(W_J\) is irreducible (i.e. has connected Coxeter diagram) and every conjugacy class of \(W\) consisting of reflections intersects \(W_J\) non-trivially then \(\Aut(W)\) is the semi-direct product of the inner automorphism group of \(W\) by the group of diagram automorphisms.




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