Bands with isomorphic endomorphism semigroups

Let S and T be two mathematical structures of the same type with endomorphism semigroups End S and End T respectively and suppose End S and End T are isomorphic. What then can be said about S and T? This general question has stimulated considerable interest and a number of people have devoted their attention to it. The present author completely answers the question when S and T are normal bands. A band is normal if it satisfies the identity \(xyzx=xzyx\). Let X be a chain semilattice, \(X^*\) the dual chain semilattice (i.e., X is a chain, \(xy=\min \{x,y\}\) and \(x*y=\max \{x,y\})\) and let R be a rectangular band. A band which is isomorphic to \(X\times R\) is referred to as a chain normal band and S and T are said to be dual chain normal bands if S is isomorphic to \(X\times R\) and T is isomorphic to \(X^*\times R\). In the main result, the author shows that if S and T are two normal bands, then End S and End T are isomorphic if and only if one of the following four conditions is satisfied: (1) S and T are isomorphic, (2) S and T are antiisomorphic, (3) S and T are dual chain normal bands or (4) S and T are chain normal bands and T is antiisomorphic to the dual of S.

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