Billiards in rectangles with barriers

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Abstract: We use Ratner's theorem to compute the asymptotics of the number of (cylinders of) periodic trajectories in a rectangle with a barrier, assuming that the location p/q of the barrier is rational. We also show that as q tends to infinity, the constant in the asymptotic formula tends to the constant for the generic genus 2 flat surface.


The paper studies billiards on the unit square with an interior barrier consisting of a vertical line segment of irrational height extending up from a rational base point on the lower side of the square. Asymptotic formulas are developed for the number of families of parallel closed orbits of length at most \(T\). These estimates are of the form of a rational multiple of \(\pi T^2\). The rational factor depends only on the denominator \(q\) of the base point \((p/q,0)\).




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