Binary forms with three different relative ranks

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Abstract: Suppose f(x,y) is a binary form of degree d with coefficients in a field KsubseteqmathbbC. The K-rank of f is the smallest number of d-th powers of linear forms over K of which f is a K-linear combination. We prove that for dge5, there always exists a form of degree d with at least three different ranks over various fields. The K-rank of a form f (such as x3y2) may depend on whether -1 is a sum of two squares in K.











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