Boundary behaviour for a singular perturbation problem
Let \(\{u^\epsilon\}\) be a family of solutions to the singular perturbation problem NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \Delta u^\epsilon=\beta_\epsilon(u^\epsilon), \;|u^\epsilon|\leq 1 \text{ in } B_1^+=\{x\in \mathbb R^n: |x|<1,x_n>0\}, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\[NEWLINE u^\epsilon=f \text{ on } B'_1=\partial B_1^+\cap \{x_n=0\}, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(f\) is a given boundary data, and \(\beta_\epsilon(\cdot)=\frac{1}{\epsilon}\beta(\frac{\cdot}{\epsilon})\) is an approximation of identity with \(\beta\in C^\infty_0(0,1), \beta\geq 0, \int_0^1\beta =M>0\).NEWLINENEWLINEUnder the assumption \(\nabla f=0\) whenever \(f=0\), the authors prove that the sets \(\partial\{u^\epsilon>0\}\) approach the boundary \(B'_1\) in a tangential fashion. More precisely, assume \(0\in \partial \{u^\epsilon>0\}\) and \(u^\epsilon\) satisfies the non-degeneracy condition \(\frac{1}{|B_r^+|}\int_{B_r^+}u^\epsilon \geq C_0r\), then there exist \(\epsilon_0, r_0>0\) and a modulus of continuity \(\sigma(x)\) which are independent of \(\epsilon\), such that NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \partial\{u^\epsilon>0\}\cap B_{r_0}^+\subset \{x_n<\sigma(|x|)|x|\}, \quad \forall \epsilon\in (0,\epsilon_0). NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The proof relies on a delicate analysis of the solutions around the contact point. Using a blow-up technique the authors reduce the local problem to the study of global blow-up solutions. To classify the global solutions they use the Alt-Caffarelli-Friedman monotonicity formula in combination with a Weiss type monotonicity formula.
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