Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicities as Hilbert-Samuel multiplicities

Abstract: Over a regular local ring of dimension two with maximal ideal m, we study the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of a finitely generated module M of finite colength in a free module F. First, we investigate the colength of an m-primary ideal and its Hilbert-Samuel multiplicity using linkage theory. As applications, we establish several multiplicity formula that express the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of M in terms of the Hilbert-Samuel multiplicities of ideals related to a certain minimal reduction U of M. Moreover, there exists m-primary Bourbaki ideals I and J of the modules F and M respectively such that F/M is isomorphic to I/J. We also have a formula for the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity whenever such I and J are given. The latter part is related to a graphical interpretation of the multiplicities in the case of monomial ideals.

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Let \((R,\mathfrak m)\) denote a local ring. For a submodule \(M\) of finite colength in a free \(R\)-module \(F\) of rank \(r\) \textit{D. A. Buchsbaum} and \textit{D. S. Rim} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 111, 197--224 (1964; Zbl 0131.27802)] proved that there exists for large \(n\) a polynomial \(\lambda (n) = L_R({\mathcal S}_n(F)/{\mathcal R}_n(M)),\) where \({\mathcal S}(F)\) is the symmetric algebra of \(F\) and \({\mathcal R}(M),\) the Rees algebra of \(M,\) is the image of the natural map \({\mathcal S}(M) \to {\mathcal R}(F).\) The adjusted leading coefficient of \(\lambda (n)\) is the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity \(br(M).\) As a technical tool for their investigations on Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicities the authors investigate the colength \(L_R(R/\mathfrak a)\) and the multiplicity \(e(\mathfrak a)\) of an \(\mathfrak m\)-primary ideal \(\mathfrak a\) in a Cohen-Macaulay ring \((R,\mathfrak m).\) This part of their work might be also of independent interest. In the case of a two-dimensional regular local ring \((R,\mathfrak m)\) one knows that \(F/M \simeq I/J,\) where \(J \subset I\) are \(\mathfrak m\)-primary ideals of \(R.\) The authors establish several multiplicity formulas that express the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity \(br(M)\) in terms of the Hilbert-Samuel multiplicitry of ideals related to \(I, J\) and a minimal reduction of \(M.\) For instance, if \(\text{rank} M = 2\) then \(br(M) = e(J) - e(I).\) Finally they compare their results with those formulas obtained by \textit{E. Jones} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 162, No. 1, 37--52 (2001; Zbl 1094.13539)], for a particular type of modules.

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