Canonical representations of surface groups

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Abstract: Let Sigmag,n be an orientable surface of genus g with n punctures. We study actions of the mapping class group of Sigmag,n via Hodge-theoretic and arithmetic techniques. We show that if ho: pi_1(Sigma_{g,n}) o GL_r(mathbb{C}) is a representation whose conjugacy class has finite orbit under the mapping class group, and r<sqrtg+1, then ho has finite image. This answers questions of Junho Peter Whang and Mark Kisin. We give applications of our methods to the Putman-Wieland conjecture, the Fontaine-Mazur conjecture, and a question of Esnault-Kerz. The proofs rely on non-abelian Hodge theory, our earlier work on semistability of isomonodromic deformations, and recent work of Esnault-Groechenig and Klevdal-Patrikis on Simpson's integrality conjecture for cohomologically rigid local systems.











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