Cauchy problem for fractional diffusion equations
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Abstract: We consider an evolution equation with the regularized fractional derivative of an order with respect to the time variable, and a uniformly elliptic operator with variable coefficients acting in the spatial variables. Such equations describe diffusion on inhomogeneous fractals. A fundamental solution of the Cauchy problem is constructed and investigated.
Equations of the form \[ (D^{(\alpha)}_tu)(t,x)-B u(t,x)=f(t,x),\quad t\in[0,\tau], \quad 0<\alpha<1,\;x\in\mathbb R^n \] where \[ (D^{(\alpha)}_tu)(t,x)= \frac1{\Gamma(1-2)}\left[\frac\partial{\partial t}\int^t_0(t-\zeta)^{-\alpha}u(\zeta,x)\,d\zeta-t^{-\alpha}u(0,x)\right] \] \[ B= \sum^n_{k,j=1} a_{ij}(x)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}+\sum^n_{j=1}b_j(x)\frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}+c(x) \] are considered here. The fundamental solution is studied via a Green matrix. The arguments of the Green matrix are expresssed in terms of Fox's \(H\)-functions. Estimates of the elements of the Green matrix are also presented.
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