Circular-orderability of 3-manifold groups
The subject of the paper is circular orderability of \(3\)-manifold groups. This paper contains many useful facts, construction techniques and tools on circular ordering.\N\NFor a group \(G\), a left-circular ordering is a map \(c\colon G^3 \to \{0,\pm 1\}\) satisfying three conditions: (1) \(c(g_1,g_2,g_3)=0\) if and only if \(\{g_1,g_2,g_3\}\) are not all distinct; (2) For any \(g_1,g_2,g_3,g_4\) in \(G\), \(c(g_1,g_2,g_3)-c(g_1,g_2,g_4)+c(g_1,g_3,g_4)-c(g_2,g_3,g_4)=0\); (3) For any \(g,g_1,g_2,g_3\) in \(G\), \(c(gg_1,gg_2,gg_3)=c(g_1,g_2,g_3)\). If \(G\) admits such a map, then \(G\) is said to be circularly orderable. This notion is known to give a broader class than left orderable groups. A finite groups is circularly orderable if and only if it is cyclic.\N\NThe first result of the paper proves that for a compact, connected, \(\mathbb{P}^2\)-irreducible \(3\)-manifold, \(\pi_1(M)\) is circularly orderable if and only if \(M\) admits a finite cyclic cover with left-orderable fundamental group. The second result claims that for a compact, connected Seifert fibered space, \(\pi_1(M)\) is circularly orderable whenever it is infinite. Also, the fundamental group of a compact, connected Sol manifold is shown to be circularly orderable. Further, graph manifolds are examined, and the authors show that for a graph manifold \(W\), under a certain condition, \(\pi_1(W)\) is circularly orderable if \(\pi_1(W)\) is infinite.\N\NThe last part of the paper discusses the fundamental groups of cyclic branched covers of knots and links. For example, for the trefoil knot, only \(d=2\) and \(d\ge 6\) are possible covering degrees such that the \(d\)-fold cyclic branched cover of the trefoil has circularly orderable fundamental group.
- L-spaces, left-orderability and two-bridge knots
- A survey of Heegaard Floer homology
- Almost sufficiently large Seifert fiber spaces
- Branched covers of quasi-positive links and L-spaces
- Circularly ordering direct products and the obstruction to left-orderability
- Cofinal elements and fractional Dehn twist coefficients
- Dehn surgery on knots.
- Embedded minimal surfaces, exotic spheres, and manifolds with positive Ricci curvature
- Finite Group Actions and Nonseparating 2-Spheres
- Foliations, orders, representations, L-spaces and graph manifolds
- Free products of circularly ordered groups with amalgamated subgroup
- Generalised Fibonacci manifolds
- Generalized Takahashi manifolds.
- Generalized torsion elements and bi-orderability of 3-manifold groups
- Graph manifolds, left-orderability and amalgamation
- Groups acting on the circle.
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- L-spaces, taut foliations, and graph manifolds
- Laminations and groups of homeomorphisms of the circle
- Left-orderability and cyclic branched coverings
- Left-orderability, branched covers and double twist knots
- Left-orderable Fundamental Group and Dehn Surgery on the Knot 52
- Left-orderable fundamental groups and Dehn surgery
- Left-orderable fundamental groups and Dehn surgery on genus one 2-bridge knots
- Non-Left-Orderable 3-Manifold Groups
- On knot Floer homology and lens space surgeries
- On L-spaces and left-orderable fundamental groups
- On left-orderability and cyclic branched coverings
- On the Heegaard Floer homology of branched double-covers
- On the number of circular orders on a group
- Order-detection of slopes on the boundaries of knot manifolds
- Orderability and Dehn filling
- Orderability of homology spheres obtained by Dehn filling
- Orderable 3-manifold groups.
- Projective Planes in 3-Manifolds†
- Promoting circular-orderability to left-orderability
- Spaces of invariant circular orders of groups
- Splice diagram determining singularity links and universal Abelian covers
- Taut foliations in branched cyclic covers and left-orderable groups
- Taut foliations, left-orderability, and cyclic branched covers
- The Geometries of 3-Manifolds
- The link volumes of some prism manifolds
- The prism manifold realization problem
- The space of circular orderings and semiconjugacy
- Word problems, embeddings, and free products of right-ordered groups with amalgamated subgroup
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