Class groups and Selmer groups

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Abstract: It is often the case that a Selmer group of an abelian variety and a group related to an ideal class group can both be naturally embedded into the same cohomology group. One hopes to compute one from the other by finding how close each is to their intersection. In this paper we compute the two groups and their intersection explicitly in the local case and put together the local information to get sharp upper bounds in the global case. The techniques in this paper can be used for arbitrary abelian varieties, isogenies and number fields assuming a frequently occurring condition. Several examples are worked out for the Jacobians of elliptic and hyperelliptic curves.


In this very readable and carefully written paper, the author studies the descent sequence associated to an isogeny between two abelian varieties defined over a number field. The techniques are Galois cohomological in nature. Let \(\varphi: A\to A'\) be an isogeny of abelian varieties defined over a number field \(K\). Let \(L\) be the extension of \(K\) obtained by adjoining the points of the kernel \(A[\varphi]\) of \(\varphi\) to \(K\). Under the, frequently valid, assumption that \(A[\varphi]\) is a cohomologically trivial \(\text{Gal} (L/K)\)-module, the \(\varphi\)-Selmer group \(S^\varphi (K,A)\) can be viewed as a subgroup of \(\Hom (\text{Gal} (\overline{L}/L), A[\varphi])\). The author compares the Selmer group with the subgroup of homomorphism \(\text{Gal} (\overline{L}/L)\to A [\varphi]\) that are everywhere unramified. By class field theory, he obtains in this way relations between \(S^\varphi (K,A)\) and the ideal class group of \(K\). The results are very explicit when \(A\) and \(A'\) are elliptic curves or when \(A=A'\) and \(\varphi=2\). In these cases much work has been done previously and it is enlightening to see this work from the point of view of this paper. The author gives several explicit applications of his methods: he exhibits a cubic number field whose class group has 2-rank at least 13 and he exhibits a curve of genus 2 whose Jacobian has a Mordell Weil group of rank 7.




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