Combinatorial properties of intervals in finite solvable groups
complemented latticesconjugacy classes of maximal subgroupsconjugacy classes of subgroupsfinite solvable groupsintervals in subgroup posetlength of orbitslexicographically shellable posetsMöbius numbernumbers of maximal subgroups
Combinatorics of partially ordered sets (06A07) Algebraic aspects of posets (06A11) Finite solvable groups, theory of formations, Schunck classes, Fitting classes, (pi)-length, ranks (20D10) Series and lattices of subgroups (20D30) Arithmetic and combinatorial problems involving abstract finite groups (20D60) Maximal subgroups (20E28)
Given a finite solvable group \(G\) and a subgroup \(H \leq G\), the interval \([H,G] = \{U \mid H \leq U \leq G\}\) in the subgroup poset is the object of interest in this quite penetrating paper in which the author has successfully introduced important combinatorial principles which combined with suitable group-theoretical results provide quite powerful means of analysis leading to a substantial collection of new results as well as to alternative proofs of several results in the area which are well-known there. The approach used depends on the fact that if \(\mu[H,G]\) denotes the Möbius number of the interval and if \(k(G)\) denotes the poset of all subgroups \(H\) of \(G\) such that \(\mu[H,G] = 0\), then \(\mu[H,G] = \mu[H,G]_k\), when \([H,G]_k = (k(G) \cap [H,G]) \cup \{G\}\). Furthermore, if \(\mu[H,G] = 0\), then a considerable effort is sufficient to show that \([H,G]_k\) is a lexicographically shellable poset whose shelling is determined and then permits determination of the Möbius number in terms of the numbers of maximal subgroups in the interval. Hence, e.g., a proof plus further insight into a vintage result of Gaschütz is provided. From \([H,G]\) and \([H,G]_k\) passage is made to \([H,G]/G\) and \([H,G]_k/G\) whose elements consist of conjugacy classes \([U] = \{U^g\mid g \in G\}\) of subgroups with \([U] \leq [V]\) iff \(U^g \leq V\) for some \(g \in G\). The approach already used is employed to determine the Möbius number \(\mu([H,G]_k / G)\) in terms of conjugacy classes of maximal subgroups, thence passing to \(\mu([H,G]/G)\) by equality. Knowledge of the length of orbits in this setting produces the important formula \(|G : N_G(H) |\mu[H,G] = |HG : H|\mu([H,G]/G)\) which is analyzed and refined further to obtain several consequences of interest also.
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