Compact failure of multiplicativity for linear maps between Banach algebras

DOI10.15352/BJMA/1261086716MaRDI QIDQ967155zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matthew J. Heath

Publication date 27 April 2010

Published in Banach Journal of Mathematical Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.3506, https://eudml.org/doc/228750, http://www.emis.de/journals/BJMA/tex_v3_n2_a14.pdf

zbMATH Keywords

Banach algebraBanach extensioncompact multilinear map

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General theory of topological algebras (46H05) Normed modules and Banach modules, topological modules (if not placed in 13-XX or 16-XX) (46H25) Banach algebras of continuous functions, function algebras (46J10) Linear operators on Banach algebras (47B48)

Abstract: We introduce notions of compactness and weak compactness for multilinear maps from a product of normed spaces to a normed space, and prove some general results about these notions. We then consider linear maps $T:AoB$ between Banach algebras that are "close to multiplicative" in the following senses: the failure of multiplicativity, defined by $S_T(a,b)=T(a)T(b)-T(ab)$, is compact [respectively weakly compact]. We call such maps cf-homomorphisms [respectively wcf-homomorphisms]. We also introduce a number of other, related definitions. We state and prove some general theorems about these maps when they are bounded, showing that they form categories and are closed under inversion of mappings and we give a variety of examples. We then turn our attention to commutative $C^{\ast }$-algebras and show that the behaviour of the various types of "close-to-multiplicative" maps depends on the existence of isolated points. Finally, we look at the splitting of Banach extensions when considered in the category of Banach algebras with bounded cf-homomorphisms [respectively wcf-homomorphisms] as the arrows. This relates to the (weak) compactness of 2-cocycles in the Hochschild-Kamowitz cohomology complex. We prove "compact" analogues of a number of established results in the Hochschild-Kamowitz cohomology theory.

Review text

Let \(\mathcal A\) and \(\mathcal B\) be Banach algebras and let \(T: \mathcal A \to \mathcal B\) be a linear map. Set \[ S_T (a, b)= T(ab)- T(a) T(b), \quad a, b \in \mathcal A. \] For \(\delta > 0\), the map \(T\) is called \(\delta\)-multiplicative if \( \| S_T \| < \delta\). In \textit{B.\,E.\thinspace Johnson} [J.~Lond.\ Math.\ Soc., II.\ Ser.\ 34, 489--510 (1986; Zbl 0625.46059)] and [J.~Lond.\ Math.\ Soc., II.\ Ser.\ 37, No.\,2, 294--316 (1988; Zbl 0652.46031)], pairs \((\mathcal A, \mathcal B)\) which are AMNM (almost multiplicative bounded linear maps are near multiplicative bounded linear maps) were investigated. Since then, many authors have contributed to the study of these algebras. In the paper under review, the author considers other concepts of smallness of \(S_T\). First of all, he introduces notions of compactness and weak compactness for multilinear maps from a product of normed spaces to a topological space. As pointed out by the author, compact multilinear maps were also considered in the normed case by \textit{N.\,Krikorian} [Proc.\ Am.\ Math.\ Soc.\ 33, 373--376 (1972; Zbl 0235.46068)]. Now a map \(T\) is said to be a cf-homomorphism (compact from homomorphism) if \(S_T\) is compact. On the other hand, \(T\) is called semi-cf-homomorphism if, for each \(a \in \mathcal A\), \(S_T (a, \cdot)\) and \(S_T (\cdot, a)\) are compact linear maps. In a similar way, the author defines weakly compact, \(n\)-dimensional (resp., semi weakly compact, semi \(n\)-dimensional) from homomorphism. The author studies general properties of such maps. Moreover, he gives a characterization of some Banach function algebras where such maps are automatically multiplicatives. Finally, the paper is concluded with generalizations of some results in the Hochschild-Kamowitz cohomology theory.

Recommendations

• Approximately multiplicative maps between algebras of bounded operators on Banach spaces
• Approximately n-multiplicative functionals on Banach algebras
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6423935
• Automatic Continuity of Almost n-Multiplicative Linear Functionals
• APPROXIMATELY MULTIPLICATIVE FUNCTIONALS ON ALGEBRAS OF SMOOTH FUNCTIONS
• Connes-amenability of multiplier Banach algebras
• A note on multiplicative and almost multiplicative linear maps
• Approximately Multiplicative Functionals
• Approximately multiplicative maps from weighted semilattice algebras
• The bidual of a Banach algebra associated with a bilinear map

Cited in

(2)

• Failure of the trilinear operator space Grothendieck theorem
• Approximately zero-product-preserving maps

This page was built for publication: Compact failure of multiplicativity for linear maps between Banach algebras

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q967155)