Compact groups in which commutators have finite right Engel sinks

This paper continues a line of research on group-theoretic generalizations of the Engel condition, focusing on compact groups in which commutators satisfy a finiteness condition on their right Engel sinks (see e.g. the authors' earlier work [Glasg. Math. J. 60, No. 3, 695--701 (2018; Zbl 1480.20089)]). For a group \(G\) and an element \(g \in G\), a right Engel sink is a subset \(R \subseteq G\) such that for each \(x \in G\), there exists \(n = n(x)\) with \([g, nx] \in R\) for all \(n \geq n(x)\).\N\NLet \(\gamma_k\)-values denote simple left-normed commutators of length \(k\), i.e., elements of the form \([g_1, g_2, \dots, g_k]\). The authors prove the following key result: if \(G\) is a compact group such that every \(\gamma_k\)-value has a finite right Engel sink, then \(G\) possesses an open, locally nilpotent subgroup. Moreover, if the size of each right Engel sink is bounded by a fixed \(m\), then \(G\) has an open locally nilpotent subgroup of index bounded in terms of \(m\) only.\N\NThe proof proceeds by first establishing an analogous quantitative result for finite groups (Theorem 1.1), where boundedness of right Engel sinks for \(\gamma_k\)-values implies the existence of a normal nilpotent subgroup of bounded index. The authors then treat the case of profinite groups (Theorem 4.1), exploiting the structure theory of such groups, Baire category arguments and a careful analysis of Engel sink behavior under passage to open subgroups. The transition to the general compact case (Theorem 1.2) relies on the structural decomposition of compact groups into connected and totally disconnected components, combined with group-theoretic arguments showing that the identity component must be abelian.

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