Complete intersection algebras with binomial Macaulay dual generator
Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and \(R = k [x_1, \dots, x_n]\) the polynomial ring over \(k\). Macaulay-Matlis duality gives a bijective correspondence between Artinian Gorenstein \(k\)-algebras \(R/I\) and a polynomial \(F\) such that \(I^\perp = (F)\): here \(F\) is called the \textit{Macaulay dual generator}. It is an open problem to characterize the homogeneous polynomials \(F\) for which the Macaulay dual \(I = \mathrm{Ann}_R (F)\) yields an Artinian complete intersection algebra \(A_F = R/I\). When \(F\) is a monomial, it is known that the conclusion holds for \(A_F\). Here the authors characterize for which homogeneous binomials \(F\) the same conclusion holds. After a change of variables, \(F\) can be written \(F=\prod_{i=1}^n x_i^{a_i}(\prod_{i=1}^r x_i^{b_i} - \prod_{i=r+1}^n x_i^{b_i})\) with \(\sum_{i=1}^r {b_i} = \sum_{i=r+1}^n {b_i}\) and the authors note that the problem reduces to the case that \(b_i \neq 0\) for all \(i\). With this reduction, the main theorem says that if \(n \geq 3\), then \(A_F\) is an Artinian complete intersection algebra if and only if \(r = n-1\) and there is an integer \(1 \leq k \leq n-1\) such that \(a_k < \lfloor \frac{a_n+1}{b_n} \rfloor b_k\). Moreover, the authors compute the ideal \(I = \mathrm{Ann}_R (F)\) and apply results of \textit{T. Harima} and \textit{J. Watanabe} [Rend. Semin. Mat. Univ. Padova 110, 119--146 (2003; Zbl 1150.13305); erratum ibid. 112, 237--238 (2004; Zbl 1167.13308)], \textit{R. P. Stanley} [SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods 1, 168--184 (1980; Zbl 0502.05004)] and \textit{J. Watanabe} [Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 11, 303--312 (1987; Zbl 0648.13010)] to show that \(A_F\) satisfies both the weak and strong Lefschetz properties.
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