Complex adjoint orbits in Lie theory and geometry
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Abstract: This expository article is an introduction to the adjoint orbits of complex semisimple groups, primarily in the algebro-geometric and Lie-theoretic contexts, and with a pronounced emphasis on the properties of semisimple and nilpotent orbits. It is intended to build a foundation for more specialized settings in which adjoint orbits feature prominently (ex. hyperk"{a}hler geometry, Landau-Ginzburg models, and the theory of symplectic singularities). Also included are a few arguments and observations that, to the author's knowledge, have not yet appeared in the research literature.
This article is an introduction to complex adjoint orbits in algebraic geometry, Lie theory and geometric representation theory. It is accessible to a wide mathematical audience. It requires only introductory algebraic geometry and Lie theory as prerequisite and it builds a reasonably self-contained foundation for more advanced topics in which complex adjoint orbits play a role (hyperkähler geometry, Landau-Ginzburg models, and symplectic singularities). It also gives some new proofs.
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