Computing associated orders and Galois generating elements of unit lattices
This paper is concerned with the multiplicative Galois module structure of certain number fields \(N\). Let \(M= \mathbb{Q}\) or an imaginary quadratic field. Let \(N\) be an abelian extension of \(M\), and real if \(M= \mathbb{Q}\), with \(\text{Gal} (N/M)= \Gamma\) of order \(n\). Let \(U_N= E_N/ \mu_N\) where \(E_N\) is the group of units of \({\mathcal O}_N\) and \(\mu_N\) is the torsion subgroup. Then \(U_N\) is a free \(\mathbb{Z}\)-module of rank \(n-1\). Let \(T_\Gamma = \sum_{\gamma\in \Gamma} \gamma\). Then \(U_N\otimes \mathbb{Q}\) is a free rank one \(\mathbb{Q} (\Gamma)/T_\Gamma\)-module. As in additive Galois module theory, one may define the associated order \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\) by \[ {\mathcal A}_{N/M} =\bigl\{ \lambda \in\mathbb{Q} (\Gamma) /T_\Gamma: \lambda U_N \subset U_N\bigr\}, \] and ask if \(U_N\) is free over \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\). The author provides an algorithm to construct \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\) which is adapted from \textit{W. Bley} and \textit{D. Burns} [J. Number Theory 58, 361-387 (1996; Zbl 0857.11063)]. For freeness of \(U_N\) the author adapts a computational criterion from \textit{A. Fröhlich} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 274-275, 112-124 (1975; Zbl 0316.12013)], for determining if \(U_N\) is locally free over \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\); the core of the paper provides a computational criterion for determining whether global freeness holds. The author has implemented the algorithm on the Berlin number theory package KANT [see \textit{J. Graf v. Schmettow}, in Computational Number Theory, de Gruyter 321-330 (1991; Zbl 0731.11070)]. As examples the author examines real biquadratic extensions of \(M=\mathbb{Q}\). Following \textit{T. Kubota} [Nagoya Math. J. 10, 65-85 (1956; Zbl 0074.03001)] these fall into seven infinite classes: in six classes \(U_N\) is globally free over \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\); in the seventh, local freeness fails. The author also studies 12 real bicubic extensions of \(\mathbb{Q}\): only in one case is \(U_N\) locally (and also globally) free over \({\mathcal A}_{N/M}\).
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