Counting rational points on hypersurfaces

For \({\mathbf a}\in\mathbb{P}^n(\mathbb{Z})\), \({\mathbf a}= (a_0, a_1,\dots, a_n)\), h.c.f. \((a_0, a_2,\dots, a_n)= 1\), let \[ h({\mathbf a}):= \max\{|a_i|\mid 0\leq i\leq n\}. \] Let \(F({\mathbf x})\), \({\mathbf x}= (x_0, x_1,\dots, x_n)\), be a homogeneous polynomial of degree \(d\) with integral rational coefficients, let \(V\) be the projective hypersurface defined by the equation \(F({\mathbf x})= 0\), and let \(N(F;B)\) stand for the cardinality of the set \[ \{{\mathbf a}\mid{\mathbf a}\in V(\mathbb{Z}),\,h({\mathbf a})\leq B\}. \] Suppose the polynomial \(F({\mathbf x})\) be absolutely irreducible and let \(d\geq 2\). In his by now well-known work, \textit{D. R. Heath-Brown}, Ann. Math. (2) 155, No. 2, 553--598 (2002; Zbl 1039.11044)], conjectured that \[ N(F; B)\ll_{\varepsilon,n,d} B^{n-1+\varepsilon},\quad \varepsilon> 0, \] uniformly in \(F\), and proved that conjecture for curves \((n=2)\), for surfaces \((n=3)\), and for arbitrary quadrics. More recently, \textit{N. Broberg} and \textit{P. Salberger} [Prog. Math. 226, 105--120 (2004; Zbl 1151.11328)], have proved the conjecture for the threefolds \((n=4)\) of degree \(d\geq 4\). In their work reviewed here, the authors prove that \[ N(F; B)\ll_{\varepsilon,d} B^{3+\varepsilon},\quad \varepsilon> 0, \] for any absolutely irreducible form \(F\) in five variables of degree \(d\geq 2\), and establish the conjecture for any projective hypersurface which is not a union of lines. For a non-singular quadratic form \(Q(x_0,x_1,x_2)\) in \(\mathbb{Z}[x_0,x_1,x_2]\), they prove the stronger estimate \(N(Q; B)\ll B\). In the course of their considerations, the authors make use of a few rather subtle results from geometry of numbers related to the cited estimates.

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